The work aims to explore effects of BN concentration in electrolyte system on microstructure and performance of the coating on aluminum in the method of micro-arc oxidation. Nano BN composite micro-arc oxide film was prepared by adding 1~5 g/L nano BN additive of different concentration in silicate system solution. Microstructure, element distribution and phase composition of the nano-BN composite micro-arc oxide film were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The effects of BN in electrolyte on thickness, roughness, microhardness and wear resistance of micro-arc oxide film on 1060 pure aluminum were investigated using coating thickness gauge, roughmeter, microhardness and friction wear testing machine. BN particles were dispersed on the surface of micro-arc oxide BN composite film. Performance of the micro-arc oxide film prepared by adding 3 g/L nano BN particles in electrolyte was the best. Pores on the film surface were the least, pore size was the smallest, and the film surface was denser. The thickness was up to (93.8±1.9) μm, hardness (942±51)HV, roughness Ra down to (3.66±0.14) μm, friction coefficient 0.55, wear volume decreased by 1.18?10?2 mm3, and grinding cracks were smooth and cracks decreased. Addition of BN into the silicate electrolyte system can improve overall performance of the micro-arc oxide film on pure aluminum.