The work aims to improve the traditional alkali-heat treatment surface modification method of biomedical titanium, endowing titanium with both bioactivity and antibacterial properties. Pure titanium sheet was polished and cleaned, then alkali treated in 2.5 mol/L NaOH solution at 60 ℃, dipped in 0.2, 1, 5 and 20 mmol/L AgNO3 solutions respectively, and then heat treated at 600 ℃ for 1 h. Composition and structure of the film were analyzed with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Antibacterial and bioactivity properties of the samples were evaluated. X-ray diffraction peak of metallic silver was detected in samples dipped and prepared in ≥1 mmol/L AgNO3 solution. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that Ag particles increased from nearly 100 nm to over 1.5 μm as the AgNO3 concentration increased. The sodium titanate film and Ag particles had good adhesion. Metallic silver and a few silver compounds were detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Antibacterial test and the simulated body fluid test demonstrated that the antibacterial activity of the samples increased while the bioactivity decreased with as AgNO3 concentration increased. The alkali treatment-dipping in AgNO3 solution-heat treatment method improves bioactivity and antibacterial property of titanium, and thereby provides a conventional method for surface modification of titanium-based hard tissue implants.