The work aims to improve the fatigue performance of titanium alloy. Process of shot peening combined with vibratory finishing was used for surface treatment of TC4 titanium alloy. The surface roughness and residual stress of the surface layer were tested repectively for raw specimen, specimen subject to shot blasting as well as that subject to shot blasting and vibratory finshing. The rotating bending fatigue test was conducted for the specimens under the three conditions. The surface roughness, residual stress and fatigue strength were compared for specimens subject to different treatment. Compared with single shot peening process, the surface residual compressive stress value increased by 39 MPa after shot peening combined with vibratory surface finishing while peak value and layer thickness of the compressive residual stress reduced slightly. The test results showed that the shot peening combined with vibratory surface finishing could greatly reduced the surface roughness of the specimen without changing the residual compressive stress field obvioulsly. The fatigue test results indicated that fatigue strength of TC4 titanium alloy increased by 16.3% after shot peening and by 23.8% after shot peening combined with vibratory surface finishing, which was 7.5% higher than that subject to shot peening. On the basis of shot peeningprocess, shot peening combined with vibratory finishing further improves the fatigue strength of TC4 titanium alloy by improving the surface integrity.