Objective To make better use of the cavitation effect of ultrasonic cleaning. Methods The dynamic model of cavitation bubble in cleaning area was established on the basis of energy conservation principle. The effects of temperature, acoustic amplitude, ultrasound frequency and ultrasonic amplitude on cavitation bubble dynamics in the cleaning area were simulated numerically. Results The collapse time of cavitation bubble reduced from 579.36 μs to 181.43 μs when the temperature rose from 0 ℃ to 80 ℃. The expansion rate of cavitation bubble was fast at high temperature and the cavitation intensity reached the maximum at 50 ℃, of which the maximum of expansion amplitude of cavitation bubble reached 51.27. With the increase of acoustic amplitude, the motion of cavitation bubble changed from multi period oscillation like steady cavitation to only one expansion compression phase. And the maximum of expansion amplitude decreased first and then increased linearly. Besides, the collapse time shortened first and subsequently became stable at about 150 μs. With the increase of ultrasound frequency, the maximum of amplitude expansion decreased, and the collapse time shortened. The disturbance of amplitude had little influence on the cavitation bubble radius and the collapse time. Conclusion The dynamic characteristics of cavitation bubble motion are similar at different temperatures. A better cavitation effect can be acquired when choosing higher acoustic amplitude and lower ultrasound frequency. Vibration of transducer has negligible effect on the cavitation bubble in nearby liquid.