Objective To improve the bioactivity of the titanium surface by regulating the surface morphology and properties so as to improve the effect for medical implantation. Methods Alkali heat treatment (AHT) was used to construct the hierarchical porous structure on the titanium surface. The surface morphology, structure, elements, and hydrophilicity of the treated titanium were characterized by a series of analytical tools. The biomimetic mineralization experiments were carried out to evaluate the hydroxyapatite formation on the treated surface in simulated body fluid (SBF). Results It was revealed that the hierarchical porous structure was formed after AHT, the holes included micron holes and 200 ~300 nm hole, the pore intervals varied from microns to hundreds of nanometers. An oxide layer containing a large number of hydroxyl groups was formed on the titanium surface after AHT. Hydrophilic of titanium surface after AHT was excellent, the contact angle was about 12. The alkaline titanate, as well as rutile TiO2 , was the main component of coating. The porous structure exhibited good apatite-inducing ability in SBF. Many bonelike apatite crystals were formed on AHT-titanium surface after 7 d immersion and the mineralization behavior exhibited even better after 14 d. Conclusion AHT-titanium with micro / nano pores exhibits the good inducibility for hydroxyapatite formation, which has a promotion effect on its biological activity.