Objective A chemical conversion technique was researched to enhance the protective ability of titanium alloy surface and the adhesion between titanium alloy and organic coating. Methods The preparation technique of fluoride-phosphate conversion coating formed on TC1 alloy was determined by the single-factor experiments. The microstructure and composition of conversion coating were analyzed by SEM, EDS and XRD. Besides, the related properties of the conversion coating were researched. Results A uniform, coherent and gray conversion coating could be obtained on the surface of TC1 alloy when Na3PO4, NaF, Acidity Regulator A, pH and temperature were 40 g/ L, 15 g/ L, 25 mL/ L, 4. 4 ~4. 6 and 30 ℃, respectively. The microstructure of the coating showed many small spherical grains. The main phase components were Na3TiOF5 and Na2TiF6. The friction coefficient of the fluoride-phosphate conversion coating was only 0. 3 ~0. 5, which was significantly lower than that of TC1 alloy. The dry adhesion level between conversion coating and TB06-9 organic coating was 0, and the wet adhesion level after 48 h immersion could still reach 1, both were far better than those of the TC1 alloy substrate. Conclusion Fluoride-phosphate conversion coating could reduce the friction coefficient TC1 titanium alloy, and improve the adhesion between TC1 alloy and organic coating.