目 的 采用 等离 子熔覆-注射工艺 在 Q235 基体上制 备 B₄C 铁基熔覆层并研究其耐磨性。 方法通过 OM, SEM, EDS 等分析熔覆层及界面的组织特征, 并进行耐磨性测试。 结果 当 B₄C 质量占 主体熔覆材料质量的 18% 时, 注射熔覆层表面比较平整, 无裂纹。 注射熔覆层组织致密, 界面呈现平直的 亮白色过渡层, 稀释率小, 与 基体形成了 良好的 冶 金结合。 B₄C 陶瓷颗粒表面溶解会形成 Fe, Cr 等元素的 硼化物。 等离 子熔覆-注射 B₄C 熔覆层的耐磨性是 42CrMo 的 22 倍, 是 16Mn 钢的 41 倍。 结论 等离 子熔覆-注射 B₄C 工艺能够增强 B₄C 与 熔覆层之间 的结合力, 提高熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性。

Objective Fe-based B₄C composite clad coating was prepared on the surface of Q235 steel by plasma cladding-injection process, and its wear resistance was studied. Methods The microstructure and dry-sliding wear behavior of the clad layer were investigated by means of optical microscopy( OM) , scanning electron microscopy( SEM) , energy dispersive spectrometry ( EDS) and ball-on-disc wear experiments. Results The experimental results showed that when the B₄C accounted for 18% of the quality of the main body cladding material, the surface of the clad coating was smooth, without cracks. In addition, the plasma cladding-injecting coating had a compact texture, a low dilution rate and a good metallurgical bonding with carbon steel substrate, and there was a bright white transition layer in the interface. During the dissolving of the surface of the B₄C ceramic particles, borides of Fe and Cr were formed. The wear resistance test showed that the plasma cladding-injecting coating had high wear resistance, which was twenty-two times that of the 42CrMo steel, and forty-one times that of the 16Mn steel. Conclusion The plasma cladding-injection B₄C process was beneficial to enhance the bonding force between the B₄C and the cladding layer, and improve the hardness and wear resistance of the plasma cladding-injecting coating.