目 的 对混合酸电 解液体系 中 2A12 铝合金硬质阳极氧化膜层的 制 备及性能进行研究。 方法采用 以硫酸为主的混合酸电解液体系, 对 2A12 铝合金进行硬质阳极氧化, 研究混合酸电解液主要成分对2A12 硬质阳极氧化膜层性能的作用 和影响。 结果 在硫酸的 溶解、有机酸吸附以 及添加剂 的 耦合作用下, 混和酸电解液避免了 2A12 铝合金硬质阳极氧化膜制 备过程中 存在的 烧蚀现象, 膜层平均 硬度达到400HV0. 05 以上。 WX 添加剂 能够明显改善 2A12 铝合金硬氧化膜层的 耐蚀性能, 经过 168 h 的 中 性盐雾试验, 仅出 现了 5% 的白霜, 但与 相同 厚度的 7A04 铝合金硬质阳极氧化膜层相比, 耐蚀性较差。 结论建议制备有耐蚀性要求的硬质阳极氧化膜层时选用 铜含量较低的铝合金材料。

Objective To study the properties of hard anodic oxide coatings on 2A12 aluminum alloy prepared in electrolyte of hybrid acids. Methods Hard anodic oxide coatings were prepared on 2A12 aluminum alloy surface in electrolyte of hybrid acids dominated by sulfuric acid. The effects of hybrid acids were analyzed and characterized. Results The results showed that the phenomenon of ablation could be avoided by the acts of H2SO4, organic acids and additive agents. The surface hardness of coating prepared in electrolyte of hybrid acids was above 400HV0. 05. Additive agent WX could increase the corrosion resistance of hard anodic oxide coatings on 2A12 aluminum alloy surface. Only 5% corrosion area of hard anodic oxide coating on 2A12 aluminum alloy surface was observed after 168 h of neutral salt spray test. Hard anodic oxide coatings on 7A04 aluminum alloy surface showed better corrosion resistance compared with the coatings on 2A12 aluminum alloy surface. Conclusion Aluminum alloys with lower Cu content are suggested for preparing hard anodic oxide coatings with better corrosion resistance.