目的 研制一种无毒、高效的水基防锈剂。 方法 以植酸、聚天冬氨酸为主要成分,添加钼酸钠和苯甲酸钠作为助剂,筛选出聚乙二醇和聚乙烯醇作为高分子成膜剂,配制防锈剂。 通过单因素实验和正交试验确定防锈剂的最佳配方,并与亚硝酸盐型防锈剂进行防锈效果对比。 结果 植酸与聚天冬氨酸有较好的复配作用,助剂和高分子成膜剂的存在可有效增强防锈膜的耐蚀性。 防锈剂最佳配方为:植酸60 mL / L,聚天冬氨酸 25 mL / L,钼酸钠 6 g / L,苯甲酸钠 22 g / L,聚乙二醇 4 g / L,聚乙烯醇 5 g / L。 该防锈剂成膜后,平均 CuSO₄ 点滴时间达 75 s,耐盐水浸泡 23 h,耐中性盐雾 28 h,防锈效果良好。 结论 无毒型防锈剂的防锈效果与亚硝酸盐型相比,存在一定差距,但其不含有毒物质,值得推广使用。

Objective To develop a new nontoxic and efficient water-based rust inhibitor. Methods Phytic acid and polyaspartic acid were used as the main components of rust inhibitor, in which sodium molybdate and sodium benzoate were added as promoter, and the polymer film forming agents polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol were screened. The optimal formulation was determined via single factor experiment and orthogonal test, and the corrosion resistance was contrasted with nitrite rust inhibitor. Results The longer copper sulfate spot time showed the better synergistic effect between phytic acid and polyaspartic acid. The promoters and polymer film forming agents effectively enhanced the corrosion resistance of antirust film. The optimal formulation of rust inhibitor was 60 ml / L of phytic acid, 25 ml / L of poly aspartic acid, 6 g / L of sodium molybdate, 22 g / L of sodium benzoate, 4 g /L of polyethylene glycol, 5 g / L of polyvinyl alcohol; the average copper sulfate spot time was 75 s, the salt solution immersion resistant time was 23 h, and the neutral salt spray test time was 28 h. Under the above conditions, excellent antirust performance was achieved. Conclusion The new nontoxic and water-based rust inhibitor was worth promoting despite the little gap between the two types of rust inhibitor in rust resistance.