采用加热回流萃取法从柚子皮中提取天然缓蚀剂,并采用失重法和极化曲线法测试了提取物在30 ~50 ℃温度范围内,对热轧碳钢在2 mol/ L HCl 介质中的缓蚀性能。失重法测试结果表明,柚子皮提取物对热轧碳钢有良好的缓蚀作用,缓蚀效率随着温度的升高和缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,50 ℃时,最大缓蚀效率达到78. 4%。提取物在热轧碳钢表面的吸附作用符合Langmuir 吸附模型,以物理吸附为主。极化曲线测试结果表明,柚子皮提取物主要抑制热轧碳钢腐蚀反应的阴极过程,属于混合型缓蚀剂。

The performance of a natural corrosion inhibitor made from grapefruit skin, which was extracted by heat-reflux-extract method, has been investigated by weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization curves for hot rolled carbon steel in 2 mol/ L Hydrochloric acid solution, within the range of 30 ~50 ℃. It is revealed that grapefruit skin extract acts as a good corrosion inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency increases with concentration of extract and temperature, and reaches to the maximum value as 78. 4% at 50 ℃. The adsorption of the extract on carbon steel surface obeys the Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm, mainly attributes to physical adsorption. The potentiodynamic polarization curves indicate that the extract mainly inhibits cathodic hydrogen evolution reactions and acts as a mixed type inhibitor.