目的 探究以30CrMnSiA钢为基体的WC-14Co涂层在不同pH值模拟海水环境中的腐蚀磨损行为及失效机理。方法 采用质量分数3.5%的NaCl溶液（简写为3.5% NaCl溶液）模拟海洋环境,通过电化学测试、滑动腐蚀磨损试验研究其在pH值为3、5、7、9和11的质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中的腐蚀磨损行为,利用超景深显微镜、光学3D表面轮廓仪和扫描电子显微镜观察涂层表截面及磨痕形貌并获得二维轮廓和磨损体积等参数;利用全自动维氏硬度仪测量涂层的显微硬度;利用X射线光电子能谱仪分析腐蚀产物。结果 结果表明,当pH在3~7范围内,随pH升高,涂层的自腐蚀电流密度与磨损体积均逐渐减小。当pH=7时,涂层的自腐蚀电流密度与磨损体积均为最小值,分别为1.073×10-5 A/cm2和6.1×10-2 mm3。当pH在7~11范围内,随着pH升高,涂层的自腐蚀电流密度和磨损体积均逐渐增大。结论 不同pH环境中的腐蚀磨损总体积损失均以纯磨损体积损失为主。腐蚀与磨损的协同效应在中性环境中被显著抑制（占比仅4.78%）,在强碱性环境中被大幅促进（占比高达34.14%）。涂层在酸性、中性以及弱碱性环境中的失效机制为Co黏结相溶解及WC硬质相轻微氧化,而在强碱性环境中的失效机制为Co黏结相溶解和WC硬质相侵蚀的双重失效。
Abstract
WC-Co coatings are widely used on critical components such as marine helicopter landing gears. In actual marine service environments, corrosion, wear, and their synergistic effects can drastically accelerate coating damage. Clarifying the evolution law of coating failures under complex marine conditions is an urgent need to ensure the long-term safe service of marine equipment.
To investigate the tribo-corrosion behavior and failure mechanisms of WC-14Co coatings in simulated seawater environments at different pH values, a 3.5% NaCl solution was employed to simulate the marine environment. Tribo-corrosion behavior was examined in the 3.5% NaCl solution at pH values of 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 through electrochemical testing and sliding tribo-corrosion testing. A deep-field microscope, an optical 3D profilometer, and a scanning electron microscope were used to observe the cross-sections of the coating surface and the morphology of wear scars, and to obtain parameters such as 2D profiles and wear volume; A fully automatic Vickers hardness tester was used to measure the microhardness of the coating, and an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer was employed to analyze the corrosion products. For coating preparation, 30CrMnSiA steel was used as the substrate. After thoroughly cleaning the substrate surface, it was subject to sandblasting. Using a JP-5000 flame spraying system with an oxygen flow rate of 49 m3/h, a kerosene flow rate of 22.5 L/h, a spraying distance of 330 mm, and a powder feed rate of 65 g/min, a WC-14Co coating approximately 250 μm thick was deposited onto the steel surface. For the electrochemical tests, a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) served as the reference electrode, a Pt electrode as the auxiliary electrode, and the test specimen as the working electrode. The pH was adjusted using 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution and 0.1 mol/L HCl solution. When it came to sliding tribo-corrosion testing, a ball-on-plate contact configuration was employed, with a 6-mm-diameter YG6 tungsten steel ball as the wear partner. The test parameters were set as follows: load of 150 N, test duration of 60 min, wear frequency of 5 Hz, and displacement amplitude of 4 mm.
The results indicated that within the pH range of 3-7, both the self-corrosion current density and the wear volume of the coating decreased gradually as the pH increased. At pH=7, both the self-corrosion current density and wear volume of the coating reached their minimum values, at 1.073×10-5 A/cm2 and 6.1×10-2 mm3, respectively. When the pH ranged from 7 to 11, both the self-corrosion current density and wear volume of the coating gradually increased as the pH rose. The total volume loss due to corrosion and wear in different pH environments was primarily attributed to pure wear volume loss. The synergistic effect of corrosion and wear was significantly suppressed in neutral environments (accounting for only 4.78%), while it was substantially enhanced in acidic and alkaline environments, reaching as high as 34.14% in strongly alkaline environments. The failure mechanism of the coating in acidic, neutral, and weakly alkaline environments is the dissolution of the Co binder phase and slight oxidation of the WC hard phase, whereas in strongly alkaline environments, the failure mechanism is a dual failure involving the dissolution of the Co binder phase and the erosion of the WC hard phase.
关键词
WC-14Co涂层 /
腐蚀磨损 /
pH值 /
协同效应 /
失效机理
Key words
WC-14Co coating /
tribo-corrosion /
pH value /
synergistic effect /
failure mechanism
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基金
四川省科技计划项目（2022ZYD0029）; 国家重点研发计划项目（2024YFC3908103）
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