目的 探究Ru含量对NiCoCrAlYHfReRu黏结层合金抗高温氧化性的影响。方法 采用Thermo-Calc热力学计算,并结合X射线衍射仪（XRD）、场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）、电子探针（EPMA）等表征手段,研究不同Ru含量的NiCoCrAlYHfReRu黏结层合金的相组成、微观组织及1 100 ℃氧化行为。结果 相组成分析表明,含0.25%和0.5%Ru的黏结层合金理论平衡相组成为β-NiAl、γ'-Ni3Al、σ-CoCr、α-Cr、Ni5Y;经热处理后,观察到两合金的室温组织均主要为β-NiAl、γ'-Ni3Al、α-Cr及Ni5Y金属间化合物;Ru含量（质量分数）由0.25%增加到0.5%后,1 000~1 250 ℃温度范围内,含0.5%Ru合金中β-NiAl相含量高于0.25%Ru合金;0.25%Ru合金和0.5%Ru合金在1 100 ℃氧化0~200 h的过程均符合Wagner抛物线氧化规律,平均单位面积氧化增重由8.486 g/m2和7.582 g/m2分别逐渐增加到29.789 g/m2和28.562 g/m2,平均单位面积氧化速率分别由0.339 g/(m2·h)和0.303 g/(m2·h)逐渐降低到0.149 g/(m2·h)和0.143 g/(m2·h);随着Ru含量增加,黏结层合金平均氧化速率降低;氧化层厚度分别为5.25 μm和4.98 μm;同时表面氧化层脱落和内氧化程度有所减缓。结论 0.5%Ru黏结层合金抗氧化性优于0.25%Ru黏结层合金。
Abstract
MCrAlY bond coat alloys, where M represents Ni, Co, or their combination, are widely used as bond coat materials for turbine blades in modern aero engines. They play a crucial role in enhancing the bonding strength between the ceramic top coat and the superalloy substrate, as well as in improving high-temperature oxidation and corrosion resistance. During high-temperature service, a thermally grown oxide layer, mainly composed of α-Al2O3, forms between the bond coat and the ceramic layer, providing protection and preventing further oxidation of the bond coat. To further improve the high-temperature microstructural stability and oxidation resistance of NiCoCrAlY bond coat alloys, the work aims to investigate the effect of low Ru content on the high-temperature oxidation performance of NiCoCrAlYHfReRu alloys based on an Hf-Re co-modified NiCoCrAlY system.
The phase compositions of the bond coat alloys and oxide scales were analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku SmartLab-9 kW) with a working voltage of 45 kV and a current of 20 mA. A Cu target was used, with a scanning range of 20°-90° and a scanning rate of 5 (°)/min. The room-temperature microstructure of the alloys, the surface morphology and cross-sectional morphology of the oxide scales, and the elemental compositions were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, Zeiss Sigma 300) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA, JXA-iHP200F). The working voltages of FESEM and EPMA were 20 kV and 15 kV, respectively. During the cross-sectional analysis of the oxide scales, chromium plating was performed by physical vapor deposition prior to sample preparation to prevent damage or spallation of the oxide scales.
The phase composition analysis showed that the theoretical equilibrium phases of the bond coat alloys containing 0.25wt.% and 0.5wt.% Ru were β-NiAl, γ′-Ni3Al, σ-CoCr, α-Cr, and Ni5Y. Under non-equilibrium conditions, the room-temperature microstructure was observed to consist ofβ-NiAl, γ′-Ni3Al, α-Cr, and Ni5Y intermetallic compounds. When the Ru content increased from 0.25wt.% to 0.5wt.%, the β-NiAl phase fraction in the 0.5wt.% Ru alloy was higher than that in the 0.25wt.% Ru alloy within the temperature range of 1 000-1 250 ℃. After isothermal oxidation at 1 100 ℃ for 200 h, the oxidation behavior of both the 0.25wt.% Ru and 0.5wt.% Ru alloys followed Wagner's parabolic oxidation law. The average mass gains per unit area increased from 8.486 g/m2 and 7.582 g/m2 to 29.789 g/m2 and 28.562 g/m2, respectively, while the average oxidation rates decreased from 0.339 g/(m2·h) and 0.303 g/(m2·h) to 0.149 g/(m2·h) and 0.143 g/(m2·h), respectively. With the increasing Ru content, the average oxidation rate of the bond coat alloy decreased. The oxide scale thicknesses of the 0.25wt.% Ru and 0.5wt.% Ru alloys were 5.25 μm and 4.98 μm, respectively. Meanwhile, surface oxide spallation and internal oxidation were both alleviated.
Based on the phase constitution and oxidation behavior, Ru content may regulate the solid-solution behavior and diffusion process of Al in the β-NiAl phase, thereby reducing Al consumption and interdiffusion loss. This contributes to maintaining the stability of the β-NiAl phase and promotes the formation of a more continuous, dense, and stable protective oxide scale. As the Ru content increases from 0.25wt.% to 0.5wt.%, the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the NiCoCrAlYHfReRu alloy is further improved.
关键词
黏结层合金 /
相组成 /
抗高温氧化性 /
NiCoCrAlYHfReRu /
Ru改性
Key words
bond coat alloy /
phase composition /
high-temperature oxidation resistance /
NiCoCrAlYHfReRu /
Ru modification
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52664048）; 内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划（NJYT24070）; 内蒙古自治区教育厅一流学科科研专项项目（YLXKZX-NKD-050）; 中国航发北京航空材料研究院院基金（KJ42250521）; 内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目（2026YFHH0117）; 内蒙古自治区研究生科研创新项目（KC2025065S）; 包头市鹿城英才个人项目; 稳定支持项目资助（KZ0C240599）
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