波浪形织构对凸轮挺柱减摩抗磨性能的影响

谢瀚翀; 陈文刚; 尹玫月; 冯金明; 张翼鹏; 杨志金; 陈赞聪; 郑丽丽; Dongyang LI

doi:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.11.007

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表面技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (11) : 77-87. DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2026.11.007

摩擦磨损与润滑

波浪形织构对凸轮挺柱减摩抗磨性能的影响

谢瀚翀^1,2, 陈文刚^1,2,*, 尹玫月^1,2, 冯金明^1,2, 张翼鹏^1,2, 杨志金^1,2, 陈赞聪^1,2, 郑丽丽^1,2, Dongyang LI^2,3

作者信息 +

Effect of Wavy Textures on Friction Reduction and Wear Resistance of Cam Tappets

XIE Hanchong^1,2, CHEN Wengang^1,2,*, YIN Meiyue^1,2, FENG Jinming^1,2, ZHANG Yipeng^1,2, YANG Zhijin^1,2, CHEN Zancong^1,2, ZHENG Lili^1,2, Dongyang LI^2,3

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的降低挺柱接触疲劳风险并提升其使用性能。方法采用激光表面织构技术在GCr15钢表面制备仿生波浪形织构,通过改变织构间距,探究不同面积占有率对材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。通过球-盘式摩擦试验机模拟凸轮-挺柱副的点接触状态,采用AISI 1045钢球作为对磨副,在设定10 N载荷、接触应力1.038 GPa、速度150 r/min、油润滑条件下进行摩擦学测试,实时监测摩擦系数并计算磨损率,并综合运用扫描电子显微镜、三维形貌仪、能谱仪等检测了磨损前后试样的表面形貌及元素组成等。同时用Fluent软件构造了织构的有限元仿真模型,模拟不同间距下的油膜压力分布。结果在仿真模拟和试验中表明,本试验条件下所有织构试样摩擦学性能均优于基体,其中面积占有率为15%~20%的试样效果最佳,相比基体摩擦系数降低约50%、磨损率降低60%;油膜压力较9.75%占有率织构提高20%。Fluent仿真模拟结果和试验结果是一致的。这是因为过高的织构面积占用率会增加接触应力和磨损,而过低的织构面积占用率会导致油膜压力低和流体动力压力效应差。结论激光制备的仿生波浪形表面织构是提升GCr15钢摩擦磨损性能的有效手段,其机制包括磨粒储存和流体动压增强,织构面积占有率在15%~20%范围内具有最优性能。

Abstract

As one of the three major friction pairs in internal combustion engines, the cam follower friction pair experiences severe wear on the follower surface due to excessive loads and complex lubrication conditions during operation, leading to reduced engine efficiency. To mitigate the effects of contact fatigue on the follower and ensure its performance, the work aims to provide an effective method for improving the tribological properties of cam followers.
Given that laser surface texturing technology not only offers high production efficiency but also achieves processing accuracy at the micrometre or even nanometre level, the laser surface texturing technology was employed to prepare biomimetic wavy textures on the commonly used material GCr15 steel for lifters. By varying the texture spacing, the impact of biomimetic textures with different area fractions on the friction and wear resistance of GCr15 steel was investigated. Tests were conducted with a ball-disk testing machine under ball-disk contact conditions to simulate the point contact state of the cam-lifter pair. AISI 1045 steel balls were used as the counterface under test conditions including a load of 10 N, contact stress of 1.038 GPa, a speed of 150 r/min, an altitude of 1 900 m, ambient temperature and pressure, and oil lubrication. The samples were weighed multiple times before and after the test to calculate the wear amount. The friction coefficient automatically recorded by the testing machine was crucial for analyzing how texture affects friction and wear behaviour. Additionally, to conduct a more in-depth analysis, scanning electron microscopy, a three-dimensional profilometer, and an energy dispersive spectrometer were used to examine the surface morphology and elemental composition of the samples before and after wear. Additionally, the Fluent software was used to construct a finite element simulation model of the texture oil film, simulating the oil film pressure of textures with different spacings.
Simulation and testing have shown that under the test conditions, the friction and wear resistance under all spacing textures is improved compared to the base material. Analysis of SEM and EDS detection results indicates that the primary wear mechanism is abrasive wear, with a small amount of oxidative wear. The wear depth and scratch width of textured samples are both reduced compared to non-textured samples. Samples with textured density within the range of 15%-20% exhibit better friction coefficients and wear rates, and the results from Fluent simulation modelling are consistent. This is because an excessively high textured area occupancy increases contact stress and wear, while an excessively low textured area occupancy results in low oil film pressure and poor fluid dynamic pressure effects.
Following the aforementioned series of experiments and analyses, the following conclusions are drawn: laser-prepared biomimetic wavy surface textures are an effective means of enhancing the friction and wear resistance of GCr15 steel. Biomimetic wavy textures exhibit superior tribological properties by storing abrasive particles and providing fluid dynamic pressure to reduce friction coefficients and wear rates. It is also determined that the optimal tribological effect is achieved when the texture area ratio is between 15% and 20%. This work provides some insights for the optimized design of cam follower friction pairs in subsequent research.

导出引用

谢瀚翀, 陈文刚, 尹玫月, 冯金明, 张翼鹏, 杨志金, 陈赞聪, 郑丽丽, Dongyang LI. 波浪形织构对凸轮挺柱减摩抗磨性能的影响[J]. 表面技术. 2026, 55(11): 77-87

XIE Hanchong, CHEN Wengang, YIN Meiyue, FENG Jinming, ZHANG Yipeng, YANG Zhijin, CHEN Zancong, ZHENG Lili, Dongyang LI. Effect of Wavy Textures on Friction Reduction and Wear Resistance of Cam Tappets[J]. Surface Technology. 2026, 55(11): 77-87

中图分类号： TH117.1

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