目的 探索载荷和3.5%NaCl溶液对CoCrNi和CoCrFeMnNi合金的摩擦学行为的影响。方法 本文测试了干摩擦和3.5%NaCl溶液中CoCrNi和CoCrFeMnNi合金的摩擦系数和开路电位,结合纳米压痕、SEM、EDS、XRD、XPS和激光共聚焦等方法,综合研究干摩擦和3.5%NaCl溶液中CoCrNi和CoCrFeMnNi合金的摩擦学行为特征。结果 CoCrFeMnNi合金的纳米硬度略高,达到3.6 GPa。干摩擦时,硬度较高的CoCrFeMnNi摩擦系数较低。5、10、15 N时,CoCrNi的平均摩擦系数分别为1.170、1.093和1.159,CoCrFeMnNi的平均摩擦系数分别为1.271、0.947和0.994。3.5%NaCl溶液中,随着载荷的增加,摩擦阶段CoCrNi和CoCrFeMnNi开路电位降幅也增大。5、10、15 N时,CoCrNi的平均摩擦系数分别为0.702、0.412和0.382,CoCrFeMnNi的平均摩擦系数分别为1.000、0.723和0.442。干摩擦时,CoCrFeMnNi磨损体积和比磨损率整体较小。但3.5% NaCl溶液中,CoCrNi比磨损率数量级为10-5~10-6,比干摩擦时降低了1个数量级,CoCrFeMnNi的比磨损率降低较少。干摩擦时,CoCrNi和CoCrFeMnNi的磨损均呈现出典型的磨粒磨损、黏着磨损和氧化磨损特征。3.5%NaCl溶液中,CoCrNi和CoCrFeMnNi的磨损形貌均呈现出典型的磨粒磨损和氧化磨损特征,CoCrFeMnNi氧化区较大。结论 随着载荷的增大,磨痕均逐渐加宽,氧元素含量逐渐增加。CoCrNi磨损痕迹中的氧分布更加密集。CoCrNi和CoCrFeMnNi合金在NaCl溶液中磨损痕迹上的氧均小于干摩擦。
Abstract
To explore the influence of load and 3.5% NaCl solution on the tribological behavior of CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi alloys, the friction coefficients and open-circuit potentials of CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi alloys in dry friction and 3.5% NaCl solution are tested under the conditions of a running speed of 150 times/min and normal loads of 5 N, 10 N and 15 N. The tribological behavior characteristics of CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi alloys in dry friction and 3.5% NaCl solution are comprehensively studied by combining methods such as nanoindentation, SEM, EDS, XRD, XPS and laser confocal. The results show that the nano-hardness of the CoCrFeMnNi alloy is slightly higher, reaching 3.6 GPa. When dry friction, the friction coefficients of CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi are >0.5, and the friction coefficient of CoCrFeMnNi with higher hardness is lower. When the loads are 5 N, 10 N and 15 N, the average friction coefficients of CoCrNi are 1.170, 1.093 and 1.159 respectively, while those of CoCrFeMnNi are 1.271, 0.947 and 0.994 respectively. With the increase of the load, the friction coefficient of CoCrFeMnNi shows a decreasing trend. The load has little influence on the friction coefficient of CoCrNi. In 3.5% NaCl solution, the potential of CoCrNi is positive before friction, indicating a lower corrosion tendency. At the beginning of the friction process, the open-circuit potential drops sharply. During the friction stage, the open-circuit potential of CoCrNi decreases less and fluctuates less, demonstrating a stronger ability to repair the passivation film. With the increase of the load, the decrease in the open-circuit potential of CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi in the friction stage also increases, and the friction coefficients gradually decrease. When the loads are 5 N, 10 N and 15 N, the average friction coefficients of CoCrNi are 0.702, 0.412 and 0.382 respectively, while those of CoCrFeMnNi are 1.000, 0.723 and 0.442 respectively. The overall friction coefficient of CoCrNi is lower than that of CoCrFeMnNi. During dry friction, the wear volume and wear rate of the harder CoCrFeMnNi are overall smaller. After wear, the contents of Co, Cr, Ni, Fe, and Mn elements on the surfaces of CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi alloys decrease to varying degrees. In 3.5% NaCl solution, the wear volume and wear rate of CoCrNi are overall smaller. The specific wear rate of CoCrNi is in the range of 10-5-10-6, which is one order of magnitude lower than that in dry friction. The specific wear rate of CoCrFeMnNi decreases less. The elements whose contents decrease on the surface of CoCrNi alloy are mainly Cr, while at 15 N, both Co and Cr show a decreasing trend. The elements whose contents decrease on the surface of CoCrFeMnNi alloy are mainly Fe, Mn, and Ni. Compared with dry friction, the wear rate of CoCrNi in 3.5% NaCl solution decreases by one order of magnitude, while the wear rate of CoCrFeMnNi decreases less. During dry friction, the wear of CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi both exhibit typical characteristics of abrasive wear, adhesive wear and oxidative wear. CoCrNi is mainly characterized by adhesive wear and slight oxidative wear, accompanied by abrasive wear. CoCrFeMnNi exhibits multi-mechanism synergy (adhesive + oxidative + abrasive) effect. In 3.5% NaCl solution (simulating seawater environment), the as-cast CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi alloys in this paper are relatively stable, with a lower tendency to corrode and better wear resistance. Compared with dry friction, the specific wear rate of CoCrNi in 3.5% NaCl solution decreases by one order of magnitude. The specific wear rate of CoCrFeMnNi decreases less. The scratch micro-area mainly consists of the Cr2O3 layer. With the increase of load, the wear marks gradually widen and the oxygen content gradually increases. The oxygen distribution in the wear marks of CoCrNi is more dense. In 3.5% NaCl solution, the wear morphologies of CoCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi both show typical characteristics of abrasive wear and oxidative wear, with a larger oxidative zone in CoCrFeMnNi. The results can provide guidance for the selection of materials in HEA/MEA in marine engineering.
关键词
CoCrNi /
CoCrFeMnNi /
摩擦学行为 /
腐蚀磨损 /
NaCl
Key words
CoCrNi /
CoCrFeMnNi /
tribological behavior /
tribocorrosion /
NaCl
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基金
山西省青年科学研究基金项目（202403021212158,202203021212507）; 山西省自然科学研究面上基金项目（20210302123139,202103021224306）; 山西省中央引导地方科技发展资金基金项目（YDZJSX20231A018）; 山西省科技合作交流专项基金项目（202204041101021）; 轻质材料改性应用山西省协同创新中心和山西省科技创新青年人才团队（202204051001005）
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