目的 为了研究负载于混凝土表面的光催化涂层对空气中氮氧化物的去除效果,制备了一系列无机碘氧化铋/二氧化钛（BiOI/TiO2）复合光催化剂涂层,用于降解空气中的氮氧化物。方法 基于溶胶凝胶法制备了BiOI/TiO2复合无机光催化混凝土涂层。同时,采用X射线衍射（XRD）、电子扫描显微镜（SEM）、比表面积分析仪（BET）和紫外可见漫反射光谱仪（UV-VIS DRS）对光催化涂层材料的微观结构、微观形貌、比表面积和光响应性能进行了表征。并将其作为涂层材料负载于混凝土表面,以一氧化氮（NO）为目标污染物,探究了不同含量BiOI、光催化剂质量和NO浓度对BiOI/TiO2光催化去除NO的影响。结果 XRD和SEM结果表明,BiOI/TiO2复合光催化剂的成功制备。BET和UV-VIS DRS结果表明,引入BiOI后能够有效提升复合光催化剂的比表面积和光利用率。光催化降解NO实验结果表明,当使用含有4 g的0.3-BiOI/TiO2光催化涂层光催化处理0.4 mg/L的NO时,其最大去除率可达64.47%。并且BiOI/TiO2光催化涂层具有良好的稳定性和优异的耐久性,经过多次长时间使用,其对NO的去除率保持在60%以上。结论 成功构建了BiOI/TiO2复合无机光催化混凝土涂层,为制备环保建筑涂层材料提供了一种有效的科学方法。
Abstract
It is a surface modification technology to remove atmospheric nitrogen oxides by preparing BiOI/TiO2 composite concrete photocatalyst coatings by sol-gel method for building environmentally friendly building materials. This technology can remove nitrogen oxides in the air without affecting the properties of concrete and without the use of external energy. Since pure TiO2 has limited utilization of sunlight, BiOI was introduced to prepare composite photocatalytic coating materials to increase the utilization of sunlight. In addition, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area analyzer (BET) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-VIS DRS) were used to characterize the microstructure, micro-morphology, specific surface area, and photo responsive properties of the photocatalytic coating materials. It was also loaded onto the concrete surface as a coating material to investigate the effects of different contents of BiOI, photocatalyst quality and NO concentration on the photocatalytic removal of NO by BiOI/TiO2, with nitric oxide (NO) as the target pollutant.
XRD results showed that the BiOI/TiO2 composite photocatalysts had a complete crystalline structure, and the introduction of BiOI did not affect the cellular structure of TiO2, so that it maintained a better activity. SEM results showed that the BiOI and TiO2 were more tightly bonded, which was conducive to the electron transport and enhanced the reaction activity. Specific surface area analysis showed that the introduction of BiOI effectively increased the specific surface area of the composite photocatalyst from 32.66 m2/g to 52.16 m2/g, compared with that of pure TiO2, which exposed more active sites and facilitated the removal of nitrogen oxides. The results of UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy showed that after the introduction of BiOI, the absorption range of the composite photocatalysts for solar light was broadened to the visible light, and the absorption range of the solar spectrum was increased from 393 nm to 665 nm, and the bandgap energy was decreased from 3.21 eV to 2.02 eV. This indicated that the introduction of BiOI effectively improved the utilization of sunlight by the catalyst, which could still effectively remove NOx under visible light.
In order to further investigate the photocatalytic activity of BiOI/TiO2 composite photocatalytic coating on NO, the effects of different BiOI doping amounts, BiOI/TiO2 composite photocatalytic coating mass and NO concentration on the photocatalytic removal of NO by the composite photocatalytic coating were investigated, respectively. The results showed that the removal rate and the reaction rate constant of NO increased first and then decreased with the introduction of a larger mass of BiOI and reached the maximum at the molar amount of BiOI of 0.3, which was 62.35% and 1.101 min-1, respectively. With the increase of the mass of the photocatalyst coating, its NO removal and reaction rate constant peaked at 4 g of the photocatalytic coating mass. When the NO concentration was 0.4 mg/L, the photocatalyst coating had a better removal effect on NO. The above experimental results of photocatalytic degradation of NO showed that when 0.4 mg/L of NO was photo catalytically treated with the 0.3-BiOI/TiO2 photocatalytic coating containing 4 g, the maximum removal rate could reach 64.47%. In addition, the results of stability and durability tests showed that the BiOI/TiO2 composite photocatalytic coating had excellent stability and good durability, and was capable of realizing long-term and efficient removal of NO. Finally, the UV-visible DRS and bandgap structures of TiO2 and BiOI were measured, respectively, and the mechanism for photocatalytic removal of NO by the BiOI/TiO2 composite photocatalytic coating was proposed.
In summary, this inorganic BiOI/TiO2 photocatalytic concrete coating can effectively remove NO under visible light, which provides a prospective method for manufacturing environmentally friendly building materials.
关键词
光催化剂 /
光催化涂层 /
混凝土涂层 /
二氧化钛 /
卤氧化物
Key words
photocatalyst /
photocatalytic coating /
concrete coating /
titanium dioxide /
halogenated oxides
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基金
河南省高等学校重点科研项目（25B60032）
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