偶联剂表面改性二维片状SrTiO3粉体/聚偏氟乙烯复合材料介电储能特性研究

陈铃; 王娇; 刘少辉; 高畅; 刘辉; 查道颖

doi:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.20.017

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表面技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (20) : 228-237. DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.20.017

表面功能化

偶联剂表面改性二维片状SrTiO₃粉体/聚偏氟乙烯复合材料介电储能特性研究

陈铃, 王娇, 刘少辉^*, 高畅, 刘辉, 查道颖

作者信息 +

Dielectric Energy Storage Properties of Surface Modified Two-dimensional Flake SrTiO₃ Powders by Coupling Agent Surface/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Dielectric Composites

CHEN Ling, WANG Jiao, LIU Shaohui^*, GAO Chang, LIU Hui, ZHA Daoying

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的开发高储能密度、高放电效率复合电介质材料对提升功率型器件设备小型化、微型化和轻量化具有重要意义。方法利用熔盐工艺结合混合碱法合成出大长径比二维片状SrTiO₃粉体作为无机填料,并利用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂对其进行表面改性,随后将改性后的二维片状SrTiO₃粉体与聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）进行复合,系统地研究了不同表面改性二维片状SrTiO₃粉体填料含量对PVDF复合材料介电储能特性的影响。结果实验测试表明：合成出的SrTiO₃粉体无机填料具有良好的二维片状形貌,其尺寸长为2~5 mm,宽为2~5 mm,厚度为0.3~0.7 mm,表面改性后的二维片状SrTiO₃粉体填料均匀分布在PVDF复合材料中,随着二维片状SrTiO₃填料含量的增加,PVDF电介质复合材料的介电性能显著提升,二维片状SrTiO₃粉体填充量为7.5%（体积分数）时,复合材料的介电常数高达23.2,是纯PVDF介电常数的2.9倍。在较低的二维片状SrTiO₃粉体填充量下,PVDF复合材料均展现出较高的耐击穿场强。表面改性后二维片状SrTiO₃粉体填料填充量为2.5%（体积分数）时,PVDF复合材料的储能密度达6.9 J/cm³,是纯PVDF储能密度的2.46倍。结论采用表面偶联剂改性可以显著改善二维片状SrTiO₃填料表面性能,在较小的含量下显著提升复合材料的介电常数、耐击穿场强,从而显著提升复合材料的储能特性,为制备高性能电介质储能电容器提供了重要的实验参考。

Abstract

The advancement of dielectric composites exhibiting high energy storage density and superior discharge efficiency holds significant importance for the miniaturization and lightweight design of power devices. In comparison to energy storage solutions like fuel cells and lithium batteries, polymer capacitors offer numerous benefits, including excellent flexibility, high operational voltage, and rapid discharge rates, making them widely applicable in electronic systems, pulse technologies, and power systems. Each of traditional dielectric materials, such as dielectric ceramics, polymers, and glass-ceramics, presents unique strength and weakness. For instance, dielectric ceramics boast an ultra-high dielectric constant but suffer from brittleness, low breakdown resistance, and challenging processing requirements. Conversely, most polymers, including polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polypropylene, exhibit outstanding breakdown resistance, flexibility, and ease of processing, though their dielectric constants typically remain below 10, limiting their utility.
Currently, neither ceramic nor polymer dielectric materials alone can satisfy the demands of high-power and miniaturized capacitors. To address this, the work aims to propose a composite method, integrating inorganic ceramic powder fillers into a polymer matrix. This method combines the beneficial properties of both ceramics and polymers, yielding composites with enhanced dielectric properties and superior breakdown strength, thereby improving energy storage and power density. Through a molten salt process combined with a mixed alkali method, the two-dimensional (2D) flake SrTiO₃ powder with a high aspect ratio as the inorganic ceramic filler was prepared. To enhance the compatibility between the two phases, a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane coupling agent was applied for surface modification. The 2D flake SrTiO₃/PVDF flexible composites were then fabricated with a casting method, achieving a uniform thickness by adjusting the composite concentration. The microstructure, phase composition, and energy storage performance of these PVDF composites were systematically analyzed by varying the content of surface-modified 2D flake SrTiO₃ powder. A correlation was established between the interfacial interactions and energy storage performance, elucidating the mechanism behind the enhanced energy storage capabilities of the 2D flake SrTiO₃ powder/PVDF composites.
Experimental results indicated that the synthesized 2D flake SrTiO₃ powder featured dimensions of 2-5 µm in length and width, with a thickness of 0.3-0.7 µm, and exhibited a uniform particle size distribution. The surface-modified 2D flake SrTiO₃ powder was well-dispersed within the PVDF polymer matrix. As the content of 2D flake SrTiO₃ powder increased, the dielectric constant of the PVDF composites gradually rose. At a 7.5vol.% filling level, the dielectric constant reached 23.2, which was 2.9 times that of pure PVDF. Additionally, the composites maintained high breakdown strength at low filler content. Specifically, with a 2.5vol.% content of 2D flake SrTiO₃ powder, the energy storage density of the composite reached 6.9 J/cm³, which was 2.46 times that of pure PVDF. These improvements in dielectric properties and energy storage density were primarily due to the use of surface-modified 2D lamellar SrTiO₃ with a large aspect ratio, offering a novel strategy for enhancing the energy storage performance of PVDF composites through the incorporation of such ceramic powders. This study provides a certain experimental reference for the preparation of high-performance dielectric energy storage capacitors.

导出引用

陈铃, 王娇, 刘少辉, 高畅, 刘辉, 查道颖. 偶联剂表面改性二维片状SrTiO₃粉体/聚偏氟乙烯复合材料介电储能特性研究[J]. 表面技术. 2025, 54(20): 228-237 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.20.017

CHEN Ling, WANG Jiao, LIU Shaohui, GAO Chang, LIU Hui, ZHA Daoying. Dielectric Energy Storage Properties of Surface Modified Two-dimensional Flake SrTiO₃ Powders by Coupling Agent Surface/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Dielectric Composites[J]. Surface Technology. 2025, 54(20): 228-237 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.20.017

中图分类号： TB331

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