机械处理自纳米化对金属腐蚀行为的影响研究进展

黄文俊; 万文杰; 武曼航; 项立银; 孔继周; 韦红余

doi:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.20.002

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表面技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (20) : 15-27. DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.20.002

研究综述

机械处理自纳米化对金属腐蚀行为的影响研究进展

黄文俊¹, 万文杰¹, 武曼航¹, 项立银^1,2, 孔继周^1,*, 韦红余¹

作者信息 +

Effect of Mechanically Induced Self-nanocrystallization on Metal Corrosion Behavior

HUANG Wenjun¹, WAN Wenjie¹, WU Manhang¹, XIANG Liyin^1,2, KONG Jizhou^1,*, WEI Hongyu¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

金属材料失效通常始于表面损伤,而腐蚀破坏是导致表面损伤的主要形式之一。表面自纳米化技术通过机械处理或非平衡加热处理,在保持材料整体成分/物相不变的情况下使材料的表面转变为纳米晶态,可有效改善材料力学性能并显著影响其腐蚀行为。目前,表面自纳米化对金属腐蚀行为的相关研究主要集中在机械处理自纳米化。本文旨在阐明机械处理自纳米化对金属腐蚀行为的作用机制。首先,介绍了表面自纳米化的概念及种类。其次,列举了几种典型的机械处理自纳米化技术,并系统讨论了其关键工艺参数对金属腐蚀行为的影响。此外,基于机械自纳米化技术的基本原理,进一步对其影响金属腐蚀的共性机制进行了探讨,重点讨论了机械处理自纳米化在钝化膜、表面活性及微观组织方面的作用及其对腐蚀行为的影响。研究表明,机械处理自纳米化对金属腐蚀影响具有双重性,起到了促进与抑制的作用。通过工艺参数优化及与其他处理工艺结合,抑制不利因素并强化有利因素,可实现金属材料腐蚀行为的定向调控。然而,由于影响腐蚀的因素众多且难以解耦,该领域仍需进一步深入研究,以明确其内在机制并推动相关技术的发展。

Abstract

It is well recognized that the failure of metal materials typically originates from surface damage, which consequently has a great impact on the overall performance and reliability of the whole material. Among the causes of various surface damage, corrosion is one of the main causes, which occurs in diverse environments and contributes to countless disasters. As a result, the study of corrosion and its inhibition has consistently been a focal point of research efforts in related areas. Among the promising technologies in surface treatment, surface self-nanocrystallization (SSNC) has shown significant potential for corrosion mitigation. This technology not only effectively enhances the mechanical properties of materials but also significantly alters their corrosion behaviors. By employing mechanical treatment or non-equilibrium thermal processing, material surfaces can be transformed into a nanocrystalline state while maintaining the bulk composition and phase integrity. Importantly, this approach improves surface performance without introducing concerns related to interfacial bonding, making it a robust solution for surface enhancement. At present, the related research on corrosion behaviors of metals by surface self-nanocrystallization mainly focuses on mechanically induced self-nanocrystallization. The paper aims to elucidate the mechanism by which mechanically induced self-nanocrystallization influences the corrosion behavior of metals. Firstly, the concept and types of surface self-nanocrystallization are introduced. Secondly, several typical mechanically induced self-nanocrystallization techniques and their principles are introduced, discussing the influences of their key process parameters on the corrosion behavior of metals in a systematic manner. It further explores the common mechanisms by which mechanically induced self-nanocrystallization influences metal corrosion, with a focus on the role of mechanically induced self-nanocrystallization in passivation films, surface activity, and microstructure, as well as its influences on corrosion behaviors. In the final section, the challenges and issues encountered in improving metal corrosion behaviors through surface self-nanocrystallization technology and outlines future research directions are summarized. It proposes the integration of more characterization techniques and numerical simulation analysis to decouple various influencing factors, further explaining the mechanisms by which self- nanocrystallization influences metal corrosion behaviors. The paper also suggests combining surface self-nanocrystallization with other surface techniques, such as electroplating, heat treatment, spraying, vapor deposition, and laser cladding, to produce synergistic effects, preparing low-cost surface layers with superior corrosion resistance. Current research primarily explains the changes in metal corrosion behaviors after self-nanocrystallization through the characterization of surface properties, and has not yet formed a unified explanatory mechanism. The influence of mechanically induced self-nanocrystallization on metal corrosion is complex, and changes in a single process parameter may simultaneously produce a variety of favorable and unfavorable factors. By coordinating various process parameters and combining with other treatment processes, it is theoretically possible to achieve directional control of metal material corrosion behaviors, thereby obtaining superior surface layer performance and effectively improving the service life of the material. However, due to the numerous factors influencing corrosion and the difficulty in decoupling them, the influence of self-nanocrystallization on corrosion remains unclear, and further in-depth research is still needed in this field to clarify its intrinsic mechanisms and promote the development of related technologies.

导出引用

黄文俊, 万文杰, 武曼航, 项立银, 孔继周, 韦红余. 机械处理自纳米化对金属腐蚀行为的影响研究进展[J]. 表面技术. 2025, 54(20): 15-27 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.20.002

HUANG Wenjun, WAN Wenjie, WU Manhang, XIANG Liyin, KONG Jizhou, WEI Hongyu. Effect of Mechanically Induced Self-nanocrystallization on Metal Corrosion Behavior[J]. Surface Technology. 2025, 54(20): 15-27 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.20.002

中图分类号： TG178

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