雪花状微/纳米超疏水涂层的构建及光热除冰能力研究

张省伟; 杨瑞峰; 赵振羽; 张杰

doi:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.16.017

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表面技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (16) : 202-211. DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.16.017

表面功能化

雪花状微/纳米超疏水涂层的构建及光热除冰能力研究

张省伟^*, 杨瑞峰, 赵振羽, 张杰

作者信息 +

Construction and Photothermal De-icing Capability of Snowflake-like Micro/nano Superhydrophobic Coatings

ZHANG Shengwei^*, YANG Ruifeng, ZHAO Zhenyu, ZHANG Jie

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的电缆表面覆冰问题是造成电缆在极端天气条件下故障的主要原因,为此,在电缆表面构建了具有光热除冰能力的超疏水防冰/除冰涂层。方法利用喷枪将负载含有石墨粉（GP）与纳米二氧化钛（TiO₂）的PDMS溶液喷涂在电缆表面并进行灼烧处理,构建具有光热转换性能的GP/TiO₂/PDMS雪花状微/纳米超疏水涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱分析了超疏水涂层的物相组成与微观结构,同时利用接触角仪、超高速摄像机和热成像仪评估了超疏水涂层的超疏水防冰能力以及光热除冰能力。结果物相表征证实GP与TiO₂被成功装载在PDMS涂层中,超疏水涂层表面在经过灼烧处理后形成了雪花状微/纳米结构。通过接触角/滚落角实验证实通过灼烧形成的雪花状微/纳米结构显著提高了涂层接触角,使涂层具备超疏水性能。同时光热实验显示,灼烧处理能够显著提高涂层的光热性能,使涂层表面温度在可见光照射1 min条件下上升至56.6 ℃,表现出良好的除冰能力。结论在电缆表面构建富含空气的雪花状微/纳米结构能够显著提高涂层疏水能力,与光热作用结合能够有效清除电缆表面覆冰,为解决电缆表面覆冰问题提供了新思路。

Abstract

The ice cover of transmission line will seriously impact on safe operation of power grid under the extreme weather conditions. This article aims to solve the ice-covering problem by constructing a superhydrophobic coating with photo-thermal de-icing capability on the cable surface. The coating is prepared by spraying PDMS solutions loaded with graphite powder (GP) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles onto the cable surface with a spray gun and subsequent scorching treatment. The addition of photothermal materials (GP) makes the coating possess the ability to remove ice quickly under sunlight. The cauterizing treatment and the addition of TiO₂ with lower surface energy make the coating possess hydrophobicity. A scanning electron microscopy and an energy dispersive spectrometry are used to analyze the microcosmic appearance and composition of the coating. X-ray diffractometry is used to analyze the phase constitutions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to analyze the valence state. A contact angle meter, a ultra-high-speed camera, and a thermal imager are utilized to evaluate the superhydrophobic, anti-icing and photo-thermal de-icing ability, respectively. The experimental results confirm that GP and TiO₂ are successfully loaded into the PDMS coating, and the snowflake-like micro/nanostructures is formed on the superhydrophobic coating surface after the scorching treatment. The contact angle results show that the contact angle of the snowflake-like micro/nanostructures formed by cauterization reaches 157°, which is much larger than that of 94° before cauterization. Meanwhile, the roll-off experiments demonstrate that the droplets exhibit good roll-off phenomenon on the surface of the sintered GP/TiO₂/PDMS coatings. This is mainly due to the fact that the large amount of air stored on the surface of the burnt coating significantly improves the hydrophobicity of the coating. The photothermal experiments show that the cauterization treatment can significantly improve the photothermal performance of the coating, and the temperature of the cauterized GP/TiO₂/PDMS coating rises to 56.6 ℃ under visible light irradiation for 1 min. The photothermal conversion ability of the coating does not change significantly after several warming-cooling cycles, suggesting that the coating has good stability. In the anti-icing/photothermal de-icing experiments, the icing time of the droplets on the GP/TiO₂/PDMS coating after cauterization is four times longer than that of the normal coating. After icing, the ice on the burnt GP/TiO₂/PDMS coating melt in only 30 s under light, proving that the burnt GP/TiO₂/PDMS coating has good anti-icing performance and photothermal de-icing ability. In conclusion, the snowflake-like micro/nanostructure formed by cauterizing of the GP/TiO₂/PDMS coating makes the surface of the coating change from Wenzel model to Cassie model and significantly improves the hydrophobicity of the coating. The GP and the cauterizing treatment endow the coating with good photothermal ability, which can quickly remove the ice on the coating surface under the light condition. The combination of superhydrophobicity and photothermal property can effectively remove the ice on the cable surface, which provides a new idea to solve the problem of ice coating on the cable surface.

导出引用

张省伟, 杨瑞峰, 赵振羽, 张杰. 雪花状微/纳米超疏水涂层的构建及光热除冰能力研究[J]. 表面技术. 2025, 54(16): 202-211 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.16.017

ZHANG Shengwei, YANG Ruifeng, ZHAO Zhenyu, ZHANG Jie. Construction and Photothermal De-icing Capability of Snowflake-like Micro/nano Superhydrophobic Coatings[J]. Surface Technology. 2025, 54(16): 202-211 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.16.017

中图分类号： TB34

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