目的 减少微弧氧化的涂层缺陷,增大涂层中增韧相的含量,提升试样的耐蚀和拉伸性能。方法 采用激光同步复合微弧氧化（Laser-assisted micro-arc oxidation, LAMAO）方法,将激光同步辐照于微弧氧化加工区域,在Ti6Al4V合金表面原位制备ZrO2/TiO2复合涂层。由高速相机原位采集基体表面等离子体放电光学信息,研究激光复合对微弧氧化过程放电状态的影响。通过SEM、EDS、XRD等技术对涂层的形貌特征、元素分布、物相组成进行表征。同时,通过Mott-Schottky曲线、动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱测试,以及采用室温拉伸试验评价试样的耐腐蚀性能和拉伸性能。结果 采用激光同步复合方法提高了微弧氧化加工区域的整体放电强度及放电均匀性,显著减小了造成涂层缺陷的大弧斑放电面积占比,大弧斑放电面积占比从32.78%降至11.93%。相较于MAO涂层,LAMAO涂层的致密度明显提升,其缺陷密度显著降低,且增韧相ZrO2的含量大幅增加。LAMAO试样与其他试样相比,其极化电阻、内部致密层电阻和阻抗模量均明显提高,表现出较佳的耐蚀性能。在抗拉强度、断后伸长率、屈服强度及韧窝特征等方面,LAMAO试样均表现出优于MAO试样的拉伸性能。结论 采用激光同步复合方法提高了微弧氧化过程中的放电均匀性,减少了涂层缺陷,促进了增韧相的形成,提升了试样的耐蚀和拉伸性能。
Abstract
Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is a widely used technique to enhance the corrosion resistance of substrates. However, it often leads to a significant reduction in the overall mechanical properties of the materials, which greatly limits its application in marine engineering. To address this issue, laser irradiation was introduced into the MAO process to investigate the effects of laser-assisted MAO (LAMAO) on characteristics and corrosion/mechanical properties of the coating. The LAMAO method was employed, where laser irradiation was synchronized with the MAO process, to in-situ fabricate a ZrO2/TiO2 composite coating on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy. A high-speed camera was used to capture the optical information of plasma discharge on the substrate surface in real-time, allowing for the study of the effect of laser irradiation on the discharge behavior during MAO. The morphology and elemental composition of the coating were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion resistance of the sample was evaluated with Mott-Schottky curves, potentiodynamic polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), while the mechanical properties were assessed through room-temperature tensile testing. The laser-assisted MAO process enhanced the overall discharge intensity in the MAO region, with the area ratio of discharge regions relative to the processing area increasing from 14.37% to 18.46%. Additionally, the process improved the discharge uniformity and significantly reduced the occurrence of large arc spots that caused coating defects. The area ratio of large arc spots in the total discharge region decreased from 32.78% to 11.93%. These improvements in discharge behavior were critical for achieving a more uniform and defect-free coating, which was essential for enhancing both corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Compared with MAO coatings, LAMAO coatings exhibited higher density, lower porosity and defect density, and a substantial increase in the content of the toughening phase ZrO2. The incorporation of ZrO2, a material known for its toughening properties, significantly enhanced the mechanical integrity of the coating while maintaining its corrosion-resistant characteristics. The LAMAO samples showed significantly higher polarization resistance, internal dense layer resistance, and impedance modulus compared with other samples, indicating superior corrosion resistance. These electrochemical results suggested that the LAMAO coatings acted as an effective barrier against corrosive environments, thereby reducing the likelihood of localized corrosion. In terms of mechanical properties, LAMAO samples demonstrated enhanced tensile strength, elongation after fracture, yield strength, and dimple characteristics compared with MAO samples. The improved tensile properties were attributed to the higher density and reduced defect density of the LAMAO coatings, providing better mechanical support and resistance to deformation under stress. In conclusion, the laser-assisted MAO process improves the discharge uniformity during MAO, reduces coating defects, and promotes the formation and transformation of the toughening phase. As a result, the corrosion and tensile properties of the samples are significantly enhanced. These findings highlight the potential of LAMAO as an advanced surface treatment technique for materials used in demanding environments, such as marine engineering, where both corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity are critical. Future research may focus on further optimizing the LAMAO process parameters to tailor the coating properties for specific applications and exploring the long-term durability of LAMAO-treated materials in real-world conditions.
关键词
微弧氧化 /
激光复合 /
钛合金 /
耐蚀性能 /
拉伸性能
Key words
micro-arc oxidation /
laser composite /
titanium alloy /
corrosion resistance /
tensile properties
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基金
国家自然科学基金（U22A20199,U2130122）; 装备预研教育部联合基金（8091B022215）; 浙江省自然科学基金（LQ24E050017）
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