Ni基增强PDMS@Si油+SiC纤维复合耐久防冰涂层设计及其作用机理研究

王捷; 张硕轩; 侯向辉; 齐博; 吴梦涓

doi:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.14.019

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表面技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (14) : 205-214. DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.14.019

表面功能化

Ni基增强PDMS@Si油+SiC纤维复合耐久防冰涂层设计及其作用机理研究

王捷^1a,1b, 张硕轩^1c, 侯向辉², 齐博^1a, 吴梦涓^1a,*

作者信息 +

Design and Icephobic Mechanism of Ni Scaffold Promoted Durable PDMS Coating Modified with Si Oil and SiC Fibre

WANG Jie^1a,1b, ZHANG Shuoxuan^1c, HOU Xianghui², QI Bo^1a, WU Mengjuan^1a,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的部分关键基础设施表面的结冰现象可能导致灾难性破坏及严重的经济后果。在工程部件表面预制具有良好防除冰性能的防冰功能表面能够较好地解决这一难题。方法为缓解这一问题,提出了一种新型防冰涂层设计,以聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）作为聚合物基质,通过硅（Si）油和碳化硅（SiC）纤维的协同改性,并引入金属镍（Ni）骨架,形成网络互连结构,从而提升机械稳定性并保障长效防/除冰性能。结果实验结果显示,Si油和SiC纤维显著增强了涂层样品的防结冰与除冰能力。样品表面过冷液滴的延迟结冰时间从Ni/PDMS的62 s增加至NP-SO-SiC的124 s,这与样品表面结冰成核能量势垒的提高密切相关。具体而言,Si油有效降低了表面自由能并减少了异质形核位点数量,从而抑制冰晶形成。同时其静态水接触角（WCA）高达126.4°,进一步抑制了水滴铺展,降低了界面间热交换效率。通过循环结/除冰测试验证了NP-SO-SiC在机械强度和耐磨性方面显著提升。在经过30次测试后,其冰黏附强度维持在约26 kPa,WCA基本不变,样品自身重量基本保持不变。结论这证明该涂层设计具有增强耐久性的效果,SiC纤维与Ni网骨架结构可有效抵抗冻结过程中对涂层造成的损伤,有助于避免裂纹和缺陷出现,从而保持其形貌与防冰性能,为解决长期恶劣环境下防冰涂层服役问题提供了实用方案。

Abstract

The icing phenomenon on the surfaces of critical infrastructure, such as transportation systems, power lines, and aircraft, presents significant challenges that may lead to catastrophic damage and severe economic consequences. Ice accumulation on these surfaces not only contributes substantial weight but may also lead to mechanical failures, disrupt operations, and escalate maintenance costs. Therefore, the development of effective strategies for preventing or mitigating ice formation is crucial in preserving the functionality and longevity of engineering components that are exposed to cold and icing environments. Pre-preparation of anti-icing functional surfaces with good icephobicity on engineering components can effectively reduce the likelihood of ice formation and facilitating easier ice removal. To tackle this challenge, the present study proposes a novel design concept for icephobic surfaces, leveraging the use of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a polymer matrix, which is modified by the synergistic effects of silicone (Si) oil and silicon carbide (SiC) fibre, in conjunction with the introduction of nickel (Ni) scaffold. The interconnected network structure could enhance the overall mechanical stability and ensure long-term anti-icing/de-icing efficacy. The experimental results indicate that the incorporation of Si oil and SiC fibre significantly enhances both the anti-icing performance and de-icing capability of the as-prepared samples. Notably, the icing delay effect is observed to increase from 62 s for Ni/PDMS to 124 s for NP-SO-SiC. This significant improvement can be attributed to the increased nucleation energy barrier at the surface, which effectively delays the onset of ice formation. Specifically, the presence of Si oil effectively reduces the surface free energy while decreasing the number of heterogeneous nucleation sites, thereby inhibiting the formation of ice crystal. Additionally, the static water contact angle (WCA) is measured to be as high as 126.4°, indicating a highly hydrophobic surface and further suppressing the spreading of droplets. This is crucial not only for minimizing the initial ice formation but also for diminishing the efficiency of heat exchange at the interface, further preventing ice accumulation. Further validations through the changes in ice adhesion strength and maintenance of sample weight ratio demonstrate an obvious enhancement in mechanical strength and wear resistance for NP-SO-SiC. After undergoing 30 cyclic icing/de-icing tests, NP-SO-SiC demonstrates a significant enhancement in both mechanical strength and wear resistance. The ice adhesion strength consistently remains low, approximately 26 kPa, while the WCA retains its high initial value, indicating the stability of the icephobicity over extended exposure to freezing and thawing conditions. Additionally, only minimal changes in the sample's weight ratio are observed, further demonstrating the durability. The proposed design, incorporating PDMS, Si oil, SiC fibre, and Ni scaffold, offers a highly effective and durable solution to the challenge of ice accumulation on critical infrastructure surfaces. The combination of SiC fibre with Ni scaffolds effectively resists mechanical damages caused by ice crystals during the freezing processes, preventing cracks and defects on the coating surface while preserving both morphology and icephobicity stability. This approach not only addresses the immediate challenge of ice formation but also provides a long-term and practical solution to the difficulties associated with maintaining icephobic surfaces under repeated cyclic icing and de-icing conditions. Consequently, it represents a significant innovation for a diverse array of engineering applications.

导出引用

王捷, 张硕轩, 侯向辉, 齐博, 吴梦涓. Ni基增强PDMS@Si油+SiC纤维复合耐久防冰涂层设计及其作用机理研究[J]. 表面技术. 2025, 54(14): 205-214 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.14.019

WANG Jie, ZHANG Shuoxuan, HOU Xianghui, QI Bo, WU Mengjuan. Design and Icephobic Mechanism of Ni Scaffold Promoted Durable PDMS Coating Modified with Si Oil and SiC Fibre[J]. Surface Technology. 2025, 54(14): 205-214 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.14.019

中图分类号： TB34

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