有机氟/硅改性丙烯酸-聚氨酯飞机蒙皮涂层的制备及其防/除冰性能研究

樊超; 孙成刚; 刘钰博; 薛瑞丽; 吴杨; 周峰

doi:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.12.019

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表面技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12) : 207-216. DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.12.019

表面功能化

有机氟/硅改性丙烯酸-聚氨酯飞机蒙皮涂层的制备及其防/除冰性能研究

樊超¹, 孙成刚², 刘钰博^2,3, 薛瑞丽^1,*, 吴杨^2,3,*, 周峰³

作者信息 +

Preparation and Anti-/de-icing Performances of Fluorine/Silicon Modified Acrylic Polyurethane Coating for Aircraft Skin

FAN Chao¹, SUN Chenggang², LIU Yubo^2,3, XUE Ruili^1,*, WU Yang^2,3,*, ZHOU Feng³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的研制满足飞机蒙皮防护技术要求的防/除冰涂料。方法通过自由基聚合反应合成一种有机氟/硅改性丙烯酸树脂,使用该树脂制备了一种飞机蒙皮基漆,该基漆与多异氰酸酯固化剂经室温固化后制备成防/除冰涂料。利用扫描电镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）等仪器对涂层表面形貌、润湿、润滑性能进行评价;按照国标方法及大飞机蒙皮涂层测试要求,对其力学性能、耐盐雾、耐液体性能进行系统测试;利用低温模拟冰风洞试验机、冰附着力测试仪对涂层防冰、除冰性能进行评价。结果成功合成了有机氟/硅改性丙烯酸树脂,并制备了一种适用于飞机防护的蒙皮涂料。该涂层表面摩擦系数约0.075,柔韧性1 mm,耐冲击50 cm,铅笔硬度4H,附着力：0级（划格法）,1级（划圈法）,7.5 MPa（拉开法）,耐磨性28.1 mg,光泽度90.3,耐沾污性0级,水接触角105°,耐高温、耐水、耐油、耐盐雾腐蚀和耐低温性均无明显异常,耐雨蚀性剥离宽度0.5~2.0 mm,冰附着强度（150 kPa）明显小于商用蒙皮涂料（250 kPa）,防/除冰效果明显。结论制备的防除/冰蒙皮防护涂层综合性能良好,指标满足民用飞机蒙皮涂层性能要求,经小型冰风洞实验证实有明显的防冰效果,适用于飞机机翼前缘后流水区域的防冰。

Abstract

The work aims to develop the anti-/de-icing coating that meets the requirements of aircraft skin protection technology. In this work, a kind of fluorine/silicon modified acrylic resin was synthesized by free radical polymerization. Firstly, its chemical structure was evaluated by the fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Then, a kind of aircraft skin coating was prepared with the synthetic resin. The coating was sprayed on the solid substrate and cured at room temperature. After curing, the coating showed excellent mechanical properties and anti-/de-icing performances. Then the micro-morphology, wettability and lubrication properties of coating surface were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), contact angle meter and friction tester, respectively. According to the requirements of aircraft skin coating, the mechanical properties, salt resistance, and liquid resistance were systematically tested. The anti-/de-icing was evaluated with low temperature simulation ice wind caves and ice adhesion testers. The fluorine-silicon modified acrylic resin was successfully synthesized, and a skin coating suitable for aircraft protection was prepared with this resin. The surface friction coefficient of the resin coating was ~0.075, which was only one-sixth of the surface friction coefficient of the organic glass plate. The mechanical properties of the skin coating were as follows: flexibility (cylindrical shaft) of 1mm, impact resistance of 50 cm, pencil hardness of 4H, adhesion (cros-cut, 3 mm spacing) of level 0, adhesion (circle-drawing, load 500 g) of level 1, adhesion (pull -off ) of 7.5 MPa, abrasion resistance (1 000 r/min, load 1 kg) of 28.1 mg, high temperature resistance (150 ℃, 48 h), water resistance (23 ℃, 7 d) and oil resistance ( phosphate hydraulic oil: 23 ℃, 30 d; MIL-L-7808 oil; 23 ℃, 30 d; reference oil B: 23 ℃, 14 d) without obvious abnormality, gloss (60º) of 90.3, dirt resistance of level 0, water contact angle of 105°, no abnormalities for salt resistance and low temperature resistance. In addition, the adhesion (cros-cut, 3 mm spacing) after testing is not greater than level 1, the divestiture width of resistance to rain erosion is 0.5-2.0 mm, the ice attachment strength (150 kPa) is significantly smaller than that commercial skin coatings (250 kPa), and the anti-/de-icing effect is obvious. The skin protection coating prepared by fluorine/silicon modified acrylic resin not only has excellent mechanical properties, good resistance to liquid, corrosion resistance, high/low temperature impact resistance and resistance to rain erosion, but also has the advantages of good hydrophobic effects, strong stain resistance, smooth surface, and low frictional coefficient. More importantly, based on the low surface of the coating and the self-lubrication characteristics, the coating surface shows a lower ice adhesion strength, which is especially suitable for the aircraft skin protection, and really appropriate for the afterflow zone of aircraft wing.

导出引用

樊超, 孙成刚, 刘钰博, 薛瑞丽, 吴杨, 周峰. 有机氟/硅改性丙烯酸-聚氨酯飞机蒙皮涂层的制备及其防/除冰性能研究[J]. 表面技术. 2025, 54(12): 207-216 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.12.019

FAN Chao, SUN Chenggang, LIU Yubo, XUE Ruili, WU Yang, ZHOU Feng. Preparation and Anti-/de-icing Performances of Fluorine/Silicon Modified Acrylic Polyurethane Coating for Aircraft Skin[J]. Surface Technology. 2025, 54(12): 207-216 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.12.019

中图分类号： TB34

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