目的 提高铝合金的表面耐磨性能，分析AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层的微观结构、力学性能及耐磨性能。方法 采用大气等离子喷涂技术在7005铝合金基体上制备AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层，分析高熵合金涂层的硬度、孔隙率及耐磨性能，并通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和激光共聚焦显微镜对涂层的微观结构进行表征。结果 涂层呈现典型的层状结构，Fe、Co、Cr、Ni元素均匀分布在涂层中，而Al元素则偏聚在一起，原始粉末相主要由体心立方相(BCC)组成，而涂层则新增了面心立方相(FCC)。评估了涂层的力学性能，涂层的平均硬度为512.2HV，而铝合金基体的平均显微硬度为120.7HV，涂层的最低孔隙率为3.23%。摩擦磨损测试结果表明，基体的体积磨损率为7.67×10^?4 mm³/(N.m)，涂层的体积磨损率为3.02×10^?5 mm³/(N.m)。在干摩擦条件下，涂层的磨损破坏机制为磨粒磨损和氧化磨损，还伴随着黏着磨损和疲劳磨损。结论 FCC相的形成归因于APS过程中HEA粉末中的铝发生了迁移或偏聚，造成局部因Al元素耗尽而发生BCC向FCC的相变。与基体相比，HEA涂层的体积磨损率显著降低了96.06%，表现出优异的耐磨性能。采用APS技术制备的HEA涂层不仅提升了铝合金的表面耐磨性能，且具备良好的力学性能，适用于要求较高的耐久性工业领域。

The enhancement of wear resistance in aluminum alloys is crucial for their application in industrial environments where high durability and surface integrity are required. In this study, AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings are successfully deposited onto 7005 aluminum alloy substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). This work focuses on the investigation of the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear resistance of these coatings, aiming to improve the surface performance of aluminum alloys, particularly in applications that demand exceptional wear resistance. The microstructural characteristics of the coatings are extensively studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and laser confocal microscopy (LSM). The AlCoCrFeNi HEA coatings exhibit a typical lamellar structure, with Fe, Co, Cr, and Ni elements being uniformly distributed across the coatings. In contrast, aluminum (Al) shows a tendency to segregate within the structure. XRD analysis reveals that the as-sprayed powder primarily consists of a body-centered cubic (BCC) phase, while the coatings exhibit a mixed-phase structure, consisting of both BCC and face-centered cubic (FCC) phases. The formation of the FCC phase is attributed to the reaction between aluminum in the HEA powder and oxygen during the APS process, leading to the generation of oxide phases. This phase transformation contributes to the overall improvement in the mechanical and wear properties of the coatings. Mechanical performance evaluations reveals significant enhancements in the hardness and porosity of the HEA coatings. The average hardness of the coatings is measured at 512.2HV, which is a substantial increase compared with the 120.7HV of the base 7005 aluminum alloy. The coatings demonstrate a low porosity of 3.23%, indicating a dense and well-adhered coating structure. These improvements in hardness and porosity suggest that the APS-deposited HEA coatings have a strong mechanical integrity, contributing to their excellent performance in wear resistance. Wear testing is conducted under dry friction conditions to assess the wear behavior of the coatings. The wear rate of the base aluminum alloy is found to be 7.67×10?4 mm3/(N.m), while the HEA coatings demonstrate a significantly lower wear rate of 3.02×10?5 mm3/(N.m), which represents a 96.06% reduction in wear rate compared with the untreated substrate. This significant decrease in wear rate highlights the exceptional wear resistance of the HEA coatings. The wear mechanisms of the HEA coatings are analyzed, and it is found that the coatings primarily experience abrasive wear and oxidative wear under dry friction conditions, with additional contributions from adhesive wear and fatigue wear. The results of this study demonstrate that the AlCoCrFeNi HEA coatings, prepared using APS, not only significantly improve the wear resistance of 7005 aluminum alloys but also offer enhanced mechanical properties such as increased hardness and reduced porosity. These findings suggest that HEA coatings are a promising solution for enhancing the performance of aluminum alloys in industrial applications that demand high wear resistance and durability. The successful implementation of APS for coating aluminum alloys with high-entropy alloys opens up new opportunities for the development of advanced materials suitable for a variety of demanding applications in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and machinery. This research illustrates the potential of HEA coatings to offer superior surface protection and extend the service life of aluminum alloy components subject to wear and mechanical stress, thus contributing to the development of more durable materials for industrial applications.