目的 开发一种新的植物提取物缓蚀剂，研究其对碳钢的缓蚀作用及机理。方法 以枸杞叶为研究对象，通过超声波辅助提取法制备出提取物(LBLE)，采用红外光谱(FTIR)对结构进行表征，运用失重法和电化学方法对碳钢的缓蚀作用进行评估，采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对碳钢表面的微观形貌进行分析，并进行热力学和动力学分析。结果 LBLE对温度有较好的适应性，当LBLE质量浓度为800 mg/L时，在30~60 ℃温度范围内，缓蚀率均在90%以上。极化曲线表明，随着LBLE的加入，腐蚀电位正移，且偏移不超过85 mV，LEBE是以抑制阳极为主的混合型缓蚀剂;交流阻抗表明，电荷转移电阻随着LBLE浓度的增大而增大，LBLE缓蚀剂分子通过吸附保护，抑制了电极表面与溶液之间的电荷传递;吸附热力学表明，在30~60 ℃温度范围内，吸附吉布斯自由能 均在?30 kJ/mol左右，表明吸附过程为混合型吸附。结论 LBLE是一种高效环保的酸洗缓蚀剂，通过与碳钢表面之间的物理和化学吸附双重作用形成的保护膜有效地抑制了盐酸溶液/碳钢界面的电荷转移，表现出了优异的缓蚀效果，为工业应用提供了理论依据。

The work aims to develop a new plant extract inhibitor, and study its corrosion inhibition effect and mechanism on carbon steel in 1 mol/LHCl solution. The extract ofLycium barbarum leaves (LBLE) was prepared by ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, and the structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The corrosion inhibition effect on carbon steel was evaluated by weight loss method and electrochemical method, and the surface morphology of carbon steel was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The hydrophobicity of carbon steel surface was analyzed by the contact angle tester, and the thermodynamics and dynamics were analyzed. Finally, the corrosion inhibition mechanism was discussed. LBLE had a good adaptability to temperature. When the concentration of LBLE was 800 mg/L, the corrosion inhibition efficiency was above 90% in the temperature range of 30-60 ℃. When the concentration of LBLE was only 100 mg/L in the temperature range of 30 ℃-40 ℃, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of carbon steel could reach 91.91% and 90.71% respectively, indicating that LBLE in 1 mol/L HCl solution had good corrosion inhibition properties. Compared with the corrosion current density and corrosion potential without corrosion inhibitor, the polarization curve showed that the corrosion current density of both cathode and anode decreased with the addition of LBLE, and the corrosion potential shifted positively and did not exceed 85 mV, which indicated that LEBE was a mixed corrosion inhibitor mainly based on anode. The AC impedance showed that the charge transfer resistance increased with the increase of LBLE concentration, and the adsorption layer formed by LBLE inhibitor molecules between the electrode surface and the solution played a significant protective role, effectively blocking the charge transfer between the electrode surface and the solution. The adsorption thermodynamics showed that the Gibbs free energy was ?30 kJ/mol in the temperature range of 30-60 ℃, indicating that the adsorption process of LBLE on the surface of carbon steel was a mixed adsorption process of chemical adsorption and physical adsorption. The adsorption kinetics showed that the activation energy of the corrosion reaction increased when LBLE inhibitor was added, and the corrosion reaction was more difficult to occur. LBLE is an efficient and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for pickling. On the one hand, the chemical components such as flavonoids and phenolic acids with —OH and —OR structures in LBLE are easy to protonate, and the protonated components are adsorbed on the surface of carbon steel by physical action due to electrostatic interaction. On the other hand, the main component molecules of LBLE contain a large number of heteroatoms such as O and N and unsaturated groups such as double bonds and aromatic rings, which interact with Fe atoms through the empty orbital of heteroatoms or π electrons to produce chemical adsorption at the interface of hydrochloric acid solution/carbon steel. The protective film formed by the physical and chemical adsorption between LBLE and carbon steel surface effectively inhibits the charge transfer at the interface between hydrochloric acid solution and carbon steel, showing excellent corrosion inhibition effect, which provides a theoretical basis for industrial application.