耐高温涂层在众多领域均拥有着关键的热防护功能。对于实际应用，空气喷涂设备简单、施工便捷，在大面积涂层施工中扮演着重要角色。为此，重点探讨了可空气喷涂的耐高温涂层，具体包括有机和无机耐高温涂层两大类。有机耐高温涂层方面，针对其耐温极限，重点阐述了4个提升涂层耐热性的技术发展方向，包括:有机无机杂化、杂环聚合物、隔氧保护以及成膜物再生耐高温涂层，并详细介绍了每种涂层的原理、特点及优缺点。有机无机杂化和杂环聚合物耐高温涂层直接提升了涂层成膜物的热降解温度，而隔氧保护和成膜物再生耐高温涂层间接提升了涂层的耐热性。无机耐高温涂层方面，则主要讨论了无机磷酸盐涂层，探讨了其耐高温和抗氧化机制，并针对磷酸盐涂料低温难以固化的技术瓶颈，讨论了硅溶胶、促凝剂、金属氧化物及其表面包覆金属氧化物对降低磷酸盐涂料固化温度的效果，其中表面包覆金属氧化物具有最佳的低温固化效果。最后，通过对比分析各种技术的适用特性，总结了有机和无机耐高温涂层目前存在的问题及难点，并明确了未来空气喷涂耐高温涂层的研究重点和技术发展方向。

High-temperature resistant coatings are crucial for providing thermal protection in various sectors, encompassing both military and civilian applications. These coatings are indispensable for equipment and structures operating in high-temperature environments, such as aircraft, engines, high-temperature boilers, and steam pipes. Thermal spraying techniques like flame spraying and plasma spraying are often limited by equipment constraints, restricting their use to small areas and coating them unsuitable for large-sized components. Consequently, air spraying remains the predominant method for applying high-temperature resistant coatings due to its simplicity and effectiveness over larger surfaces. The work aims to explore the development and application of high-temperature resistant coatings suitable for air spraying, categorizing them into organic and inorganic coatings.