近些年，镍基自润滑涂层作为减摩耐磨材料被广泛喷涂到机械运动副表面。从涂层的组分设计、制备工艺及涂层微结构控制3个方面，系统总结了热喷涂制备镍基自润滑涂层的最新研究进展并对未来的研究方向进行了讨论。首先从涂层基础相、润滑相和增强相3部分阐述了镍基自润滑涂层的构成要素，并重点分析了涂层组分设计的常用模式，以期为新型镍基自润滑涂层的组分设计提供参考;继而针对热喷涂技术的工艺特殊性，重点综述了热喷涂喂料复合粉末制备的研究最新进展;随后针对热喷涂制备涂层时导致的涂层缺陷问题，详细阐述了涂层微结构控制、涂层预处理和后处理等对自润滑涂层性能影响的最新探索进展;最后，总结了目前在镍基自润滑涂层研究中存在的问题，进一步指出优化工艺技术、采用数值模拟结合试验测试的方法，来深入研究涂层内部的润滑摩擦机理将是未来研究的重要方向。

In recent years, researchers have prepared a series of nickel-based self-lubricating coatings using thermal spraying technology. The coatings have been extensively investigated and some useful results have been achieved. So that the nickel-based self-lubricating coatings as friction and wear-resistant materials are widely sprayed on the surface of mechanical movement. This paper broadly covers three aspects of nickel-based self-lubricating coatings:composition design, preparation process and coating microstructure control. In each aspect, the latest research progress in preparation of nickel-based self-lubricating coatings by thermal spraying was systematically summarized, and finally the future research directions were discussed. Firstly, the composition elements of nickel-based self-lubricating coatings were elaborated from three parts, including the base phase, the lubricating phase and the reinforced phase of the coating, and each of the components was appropriately summarized. In addition, the commonly used modes of coating component design were focused and analyzed with a perspective to provide reference for the component design of new nickel-based self-lubricating coatings in the future. Secondly, in view of the process specificity of the thermal spraying technology, the latest research progress of thermal spraying feed composite powder preparation was highlighted, and the preparation methods of various feed powders were summarized. Thirdly, for the problem of coating defects caused by thermal spraying preparation of coatings, the latest progress in exploring the effects of coating microstructure control, coating pretreatment and post-treatment on the performance of self-lubricating coatings was elaborated. Characteristics of different thermal spraying technologies were summarized, and the use of different pretreatment and post-treatment methods was analyzed. At the end of this paper, the problems existing in the research of nickel-based self-lubricating coatings were summarized according to the above research status, and it was further pointed out that optimization of the process technology and the use of numerical simulation combined with experimental testing to study the lubrication and friction mechanism inside the coating in depth would be an important direction for future research.