金属管道是实现气、油、矿等海洋资源连续、快速运输的重要载体。在复杂严酷的海洋环境中，金属管道的内、外壁要同时承受海水环境和运输物质带来的化学腐蚀与物理摩擦耦合工况，极易发生由腐蚀与磨损导致的管道破坏和失效。对金属管道进行表面涂层改性与强化处理是提升其使役性能最直接有效的方法。为此，综述了海洋环境和运输介质对金属管道的腐蚀磨损行为，并按照涂层的物质种类(金属涂层、陶瓷涂层和高分子涂层)，介绍了常见的海洋金属管道防护涂层研究现状，全面总结对比了不同防护涂层材料的微观结构、力学性能、耐腐蚀性能、耐磨损性能及其腐蚀作用机理，以期为涂层新材料及新结构的创新设计与性能优化提供有益借鉴。在此基础上，对未来海洋金属管道防护涂层材料的发展趋势及其组分结构的研究方向进行了展望，以求为海洋金属管道防腐领域的研究提供一定的参考与支撑。

Metal pipeline is an important carrier for continuous and rapid transportation of marine resources such as gas, oil and ore. In the complex and harsh marine environment, the inner and outer walls of the metal pipeline have to withstand the coupling operating conditions of chemical corrosion and physical friction brought by the seawater environment and substances transported, leading to the damage and failure of the pipeline. This seriously shortens the service life of the metal pipeline in the marine environment. Surface coating for the metal pipeline is a direct and effective treatment to modify and strengthen the workpiece, and therefore support it work safely and stably with extended service life. Thus, the development of high-performance protective coatings for metal pipeline adapted to the harsh marine service environment has both significant economic and social values.