目的 提高超疏水涂层的耐磨性。方法 采用底面复合方法增强超疏水涂层的附着性和耐磨性，通过发泡剂在树脂底漆表面形成均匀孔隙结构，使喷涂于底漆表面的部分超疏水纳米颗粒嵌入孔隙中，通过硬化树脂的凸起结构有效保护超疏水纳米颗粒，从而提高涂层整体的耐磨性。在摩擦磨损试验机上开展橡胶磨损测试，综合评价涂层的耐磨性能，并通过扫描电子显微镜和同轴光学显微镜对涂层表面的原始形貌及磨损形貌进行分析，通过接触角测量仪对涂层磨损前后的表面润湿性进行测试。结果 当异构十六烷的质量分数为50%、预热温度为130 ℃、预热时间为100 s时，在底漆表面可形成较深且分布均匀的孔隙结构，基于该底漆制备的超疏水复合涂层的耐磨性相对更好。在30 N载荷下，优化涂层经橡胶磨损700次后，仍能保持较好的疏水性。结论 通过发泡剂对底面复合涂层进行改进，可有效提高超疏水纳米涂层与基底之间的黏结强度;底漆表面的孔隙结构有利于超疏水颗粒的嵌入，充分利用硬化树脂的凸起结构对嵌入的超疏水颗粒进行保护，可有效提高底面复合超疏水涂层的整体耐磨性。

Superhydrophobic surface is a nanostructured surface that can provide excellent waterproof, dustproof and anti-fouling properties. In the past few years, a surge has been seen in research interest in these surfaces, particularly in areas such as anti-icing, anti-corrosion, antibacterial activity, oil-water separation, heat transfer, and water collection. The potential applications of superhydrophobic coating are broad and diverse, making it one of the important new materials that have emerged in the past 20 years. In all superhydrophobic coating preparation technologies, nano-coating technology is an important means to promote the industrial application of superhydrophobic surfaces because of its convenient construction, convenient mass production and low cost. However, in practical applications, the wear resistance has a great effect on the application range and service life of the coating. Coating with poor wear resistance may be badly worn in a short time, leading to a rapid decline in its superhydrophobic properties. The coating with outstanding wear resistance can provide longer protection and extend the working life of the surface. Therefore, wear resistance should be fully considered in the design and preparation of superhydrophobic coatings. The wear resistance of the coating can be improved by optimizing the coating preparation process, selecting high wear resistance materials, and adding additives. At the same time, for the practical application of superhydrophobic coating, strict wear resistance testing and evaluation are also needed to ensure that it can meet the actual needs.