目的 采用热扩散(TD)渗金属技术和物理气相沉积(PVD)技术对45钢表面进行强化，以提升45钢表面硬度和抗磨蚀性能，延长45钢的使用寿命。方法 采用热扩散渗金属技术和物理气相沉积技术制备TD-Cr、PVD-CrN及TD-Cr/PVD-CrN(Cr/CrN复合涂层)3种涂层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X 射线衍射仪(XRD)研究涂层的微观形貌、元素分布和物相组成。通过纳米压痕研究涂层的硬度、弹性模量。通过摩擦磨损实验和电化学腐蚀实验，研究涂层的摩擦性能和腐蚀性能。结果 TD-Cr、PVD-CrN、TD-Cr/PVD-CrN 3种涂层的组织结构均致密均匀，厚度分别为19.78、1.075、32.24 μm。TD-Cr/PVD-CrN涂层的硬度达到28.7 GPa，高于其他涂层, 同时，Cr/CrN复合涂层的弹性模量和弹性恢复能力均优于其他涂层。在盐水环境下，TD-Cr、PVD-CrN、TD-Cr/PVD-CrN的摩擦因数分别为0.52、0.38、0.35，磨损体积分别为26、0.15、0.05，TD-Cr/PVD-CrN展现出较好的耐磨性能。在盐水环境下，TD-Cr/PVD-CrN涂层的抗腐蚀性能略低于TD-CrN涂层。结论 综合看来，TD-Cr/PVD-CrN复合涂层可以有效提升45钢的表面抗磨蚀能力，延长其使用寿命。

Thermal diffusion (TD) and vapor physical deposition (PVD) are effective means to strengthen metal surface. The surface hardness of metal can be improved by thermal diffusion (TD) chromizing, but the surface roughness of chromizing layer leads to the phenomenon that the wear rate is too high in the friction process, and the existence of metal elements in thermal diffusion chromizing treatment is not conducive to the surface corrosion resistance. The metal nitride coating prepared by vapor phase physical deposition (PVD) has the characteristics of high hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, which is suitable to be combined with TD chromizing metal layer to form a low friction, wear resistance and corrosion resistance surface. Among them, CrN coating has stable friction coefficient, high wear and corrosion resistance, and is often used as a surface strengthening coating for easily worn parts.