金属钽具有优异的生物相容性、耐腐蚀性和骨整合能力，是具有广阔发展前景的生物医用骨科材料。通过增材制造技术(Additive Manufacturing，AM)制备的多孔钽具有精确和个性化控制的表面成分、拓扑结构、力学性能，极大地满足了不同骨缺损临床患者的需求，适合作为承重部位的骨缺损修复材料。然而，AM多孔钽仍具有表面惰性强、骨整合能力有限、无生物活性等缺陷。分别从表面改性方法和拓扑结构优化两个角度介绍了AM多孔钽骨修复材料功能化的研究进展。概述了几种典型的表面改性方法，并分析总结了其优缺点，高成本、难加工、表面惰性是限制AM多孔钽用于表面改性的主要原因。此外，拓扑结构优化也是实现多孔钽功能化的有效途径，合适的孔隙结构不仅赋予植入体与宿主骨相匹配的力学性能，同时有利于AM多孔钽与宿主建立有效的骨整合。综述了近年来AM多孔钽拓扑结构优化的研究进展，总结了孔隙率、孔径、孔隙几何形状对多孔钽力学及生物学功能的影响。最后，对AM多孔钽骨修复材料的功能化发展及临床应用提出了展望。

Among many artificial bone repair materials, tantalum has excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and osseointegration ability, which is suitable as a replacement material for bone defects in load-bearing parts of the human body. Porous tantalum prepared by additive manufacturing (AM) technology can achieve precise and individualized control of surface composition, porous structure, and mechanical properties, which can greatly meet clinical needs and become one of the hot spots in the field of bone repair materials. However, surface inertness, limited osseointegration, and lack of bioactivity are still the main problems of AM porous tantalum. The research progress on the functionalization of AM porous tantalum bone repair materials in China and abroad were introduced from the perspectives of surface modification methods and topological structure optimization. Several typical surface modification methods were summarized, and their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. Suitable topological characteristics not only optimized the matching mechanical properties between the implant and host bone, but also facilitated the establishment of effective bone integration between AM porous tantalum. The research progress of AM porous tantalum topology optimization in recent years was reviewed. The effects of porosity, pore size, and pore geometry on the mechanical and biological functions of AM porous tantalum were summarized.