目的 解决水凝胶力学强度过低问题，同时赋予水凝胶抑菌功能，满足应用需求。方法 以离子交联的海藻酸盐为第1层网络，以化学交联的聚丙烯酰胺(PAAm)为第2层网络，借助pH缓释调节剂D–(+)–葡萄糖酸δ–内酯(GDL)制备Cu²⁺交联的海藻酸盐–聚丙烯酰胺(TG–Cu)抑菌水凝胶。利用傅里叶红外光谱(FITR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段表征双网络水凝胶的物理和化学结构。通过拉伸、压缩、Mullins测试和循环拉伸试验，研究TG–Cu水凝胶材料的力学强度和抗疲劳性能，通过细菌培养、稀释涂布平板法和活死菌荧光染色手段评价水凝胶的抑菌性能，通过ICP探究Cu²⁺的释放。结果 Cu²⁺交联的TG–Cu水凝胶由离子交联和化学交联的两层网络构成，具有三维网络结构。当Cu盐的添加量为每组分0.187 5 mol时，其力学性能较好，弹性模量达到22.4 kPa，断裂韧性为659.5 kJ/m³，且具有预制缺口的凝胶样品在10 000次30%应变循环加载–卸载实验后，未观察到明显的裂纹扩展。抑菌试验结果证实，TG–Cu水凝胶对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率最高可达99%。结论 Cu交联TG–Cu水凝胶材料在保证材料基体具有优异力学性能的同时又赋予其可观的功能性，实现了水凝胶结构设计与功能性的有机统一。

In recent years, hydrogel materials have drawn a lot of researchers‘ attention for its good compatibility and adaptability with various research fields. However, because of its high water-content and unique chemical structure, hydrogel is usually considered with unsatisfactory mechanical properties. Double network hydrogel stands out for its excellent mechanical strength and high designability. Tough hydrogel (TG) composed of alginate and polyacrylamide (PAAm) is one of the representatives. Copper ion is a widely used bacterial agent, can also be used as a physical crosslinker for alginate. In this research, a kind of alginate-polyacrylamide/Cu2+ double network hydrogels (TG-Cu) with antibacterial property was prepared. This hydrogel can be used to form antibacterial surface.