目的 二维纳米石墨烯作为添加剂提高传动油的耐磨性能和承载性能，满足重载高速工况下传动油在传递运动形式和能量过程中承载和耐磨性能需求。方法 二维纳米石墨烯作为传动油添加剂，以丁二酰亚胺为分散剂制备了石墨烯传动油，采用FZG齿轮试验机标准方法(NB/SH/T 0306—2013)评价了传动油和石墨烯传动油的耐磨性能和承载性能，通过SEM、Raman、EDS和XPS检测手段分析试验齿轮耐磨及承载机理。结果 二维纳米石墨烯作为添加剂将传动油的承载能力从8级提升至10级。试验齿轮在传动油中表现为黏着磨损和磨粒磨损，齿轮磨损表面有严重的犁沟现象;试验齿轮在石墨烯传动油中磨损表面表现为抛光式的磨损，磨损表面变得光滑。通过Raman、元素面分布和XPS测试结果分析，重载高速运转条件下试验齿轮磨损表面在石墨烯传动油中形成了不连续的多元杂化润滑膜，该润滑膜是由低剪切强度相(石墨烯、硫化物)、硬度和屈服强度比较高的磨损微粒(铁氧化物)和弹性模量较低的无定形聚磷酸盐等组成。润滑膜防止了齿轮材料在高载运转过程直接接触，减小接触面间的剪切强度，提高了耐磨性能和承载能力。 结论 二维纳米石墨烯作为一种传动油添加剂，可以有效提高齿轮传动系统的承载能力，弥补齿轮材料力学性能不足的问题，延长传动齿轮的使用寿命。

Transmission oil is the lubricating medium of gear drive systems, which not only plays a crucial role in energy transfer but also is required to meet other performance requirements, such as bearing, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. Today, with the development of modern industrial technology, gear drive systems are operating in more severe conditions including heavy loads, high speed, high temperature and harsh environments. The traditional transmission oil has not been able to match the new requirements of wear resistance and carrying capacity. Adding nano-additive is a feasible strategy to improve the performance of lubricants. Accordingly, in this work, two-dimensional graphene nanosheet was selected to enhance the performance of traditional transmission oil in the gear drive system.