目的 研究相同工艺参数下一次阳极氧化和二次阳极氧化对6061铝合金上氧化膜结构的影响，探究基体结构差异性与膜层生长行为及性能间的对应关系。方法 以商业6061铝合金和SPS粉末烧结铝合金为研究对象，针对不同基体在一次阳极氧化和二次阳极氧化过程中，围绕基体组织特征对膜层结构的影响展开系统研究。同时，对不同工艺方法制备出的不同结构特点的氧化膜进行封闭后处理，结合电化学测试方法对膜层的耐蚀性能进行分析对比。结果 相比一次氧化过程，商业6061铝合金和SPS铝合金的二次氧化电流密度分别由12.07、56.62 mA/cm²增加至13.68、64.8 mA/cm²，膜层生长速率增大。同时，一次氧化后在基体表面形成的有序凹坑结构有助于二次氧化中膜层多孔结构有序性的提升，其中SPS烧结铝合金膜层孔洞呈规则的“六边形”结构。二次阳极氧化过程可以有效减少基体表面阴极性金属间化合物颗粒的分布，提高氧化膜的连续性，增强相应膜层的耐蚀性。结论 二次阳极氧化可以使生成的氧化膜层更加均匀规整，且整体耐蚀性显著提高。

This paper aims to study the influence of one-step anodization and two-step anodization on structure of the anodic film on 6061 aluminum alloy under the same process parameters. The corresponding relationship between matrix structure difference and film growth behavior and performance was explored. The commercial 6061 aluminum alloy and SPS powder sintered aluminum alloy were used as the research objects. Furthermore, systematic research was carried out on the influence of different substrates on the film structure during the one-step and two-step anodizing processes. At the same time, sealing post-treatment was carried out in accordance with the structural characteristics of different anodic films, and the corrosion resistance of the film was analyzed and compared by the electrochemical test method. Compared with the one-step anodizing, the result shows that the two-step anodizing current density of commercial 6061 aluminum alloy and SPS aluminum alloy increased from 12.07 and 56.62 mA/cm2 to 13.68 and 64.8 mA/cm2, respectively and the film growth rate has increased significantly. The orderly pit structure formed on the substrate surface after the one-step anodizing helps to improve the regularity of the pore structure in the two-step anodizing. While the holes in the SPS sintered aluminum alloy anodic film are in a regular "hexagonal" structure. A two-step anodizing can effectively reduce the distribution of cathodic intermetallic particles on the substrate surface, which can not only improve the integrity of the anodic film, but also enhance the corrosion resistance of the corresponding film. In conclusion, the two-step anodizing can make the anodic film integrity and regular, and the overall corrosion resistance is significantly improved.