海洋工程用铝合金部件在服役环境下引发的点蚀、晶间腐蚀等已成为困扰机器装备使用寿命和稳定性的关键问题。目前，阴极保护、缓蚀剂、阳极氧化和保护涂层是针对海洋环境中铝合金腐蚀的常用防护措施。阐述了海洋工程装备常用的铝合金类型和使用场所，发现5系和6系铝合金是船舶制造和海洋平台搭建的首选材料，其中，具备优异力学性能、耐腐蚀性能的5系铝合金一般用来制作甲板、储存装置等大型主要承力构件。重点综述了铝合金在海洋大气区、浪花飞溅区、海水全浸区的腐蚀行为和腐蚀机制，经对比发现，与钢不同，铝合金在海水全浸区的腐蚀最严重，而在环境最恶劣的浪花飞溅区腐蚀损伤相对较轻;点蚀、晶间腐蚀是2种典型的铝合金腐蚀类型，同时应力腐蚀、微生物腐蚀也制约着铝合金在海洋工程领域的应用。最后分析了当前在海洋环境中对铝合金腐蚀防护采取的几种措施，指出工程实际中采用的防护方式为2种及2种以上措施的联合使用，并提出铝合金未来在失效行为分析、性能优化和涂层材料选择等方面的发展趋势，以期为研发在极端海洋环境下服役的铝合金及其防护材料提供参考。

The key problems that plague the service life and stability of machinery and equipment are pitting and intergranular corrosion caused by aluminum alloy components for marine engineering in the service environment. At present, cathodic protection, corrosion inhibitor, anodic oxidation and protective coating are common protection measures against aluminum alloy corrosion in the marine environment. This paper introduces the common types and application sites of aluminum alloys used in marine engineering equipment. It was found that 5 series and 6 series aluminum alloys are the preferred materials for shipbuilding and offshore platform construction. Among them, 5 series aluminum alloys with excellent mechanics and corrosion resistance are generally used to make the main load bearing components such as decks and storage devices. Secondly, the corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanism of aluminum alloy in marine atmosphere environment, splash zone and marine full immersion area were reviewed. It was found that aluminum alloy, different from the steel, suffers the most serious corrosion in the full immersion area, while the corrosion damage is relatively light in the splash area. Pitting corrosion and intergranular corrosion are 2 typical types of aluminum alloy corrosion, while stress corrosion and microbial corrosion also restrict the application of aluminum alloy in the field of marine engineering. Finally, several corrosion protection measures for aluminum alloy in marine environment are analyzed, and it is pointed out that the protection method used in engineering practice is the joint use of two and more measures, and the future development trend of aluminum alloys in failure behavior analysis, performance optimization direction and coating material selection is proposed, in order to provide a reference for the research and development of aluminum alloy and its protection materials serving in an extreme marine environment.