目的 研究具有大接触角和低表面能的微纳疏水表面，以减少结冰引起的空气碰撞。方法 采用纳秒脉冲激光在TC4表面构建微结构，利用扫描电镜和EDS对TC4表面形貌和元素成分进行观测，应用接触角测量仪分析表面润湿性和表面能，搭建低温结冰结霜实验台，测试表面的抑冰抑霜性能。结果 随着激光功率的增大，TC4合金表面微米颗粒的尺寸增大;接触角逐渐减小，且均高于未加工表面;接触角滞后逐渐增加，且均低于未加工表面;表面自由能逐渐增加，且均低于未处理表面;粘附功逐渐增加，且都小于未处理过的表面。加工后表面液滴冻结时间比未加工表面最高延迟47 s，激光功率为7 W时的冻结时间最长，霜晶质量最小，表面覆盖率最低。结论 高接触角、低接触角滞后的微织构表面可以有效延迟结冰时间。

Micro nano hydrophobic surfaces with large contact angle and low surface energy were studied to reduce air collision caused by icing. In this paper, a microstructure was successfully constructed on the surface of TC4 using ananosecond pulse laser, and the surface morphology and elemental composition of TC4 were observed by scanning electroscopes and EDS, the surface wettability and surface energy were analyzed by using the contact angle measuring instrument, and a low-temperature ice frost test bench was built to test the performance of ice-suppressing frost of the surface . With the increase of laser power, the size of micron particles on the surface of TC4 alloy increased. The contact angle decreases gradually with the increase of power, and is higher than the unprocessed surface. Surface free energy increases gradually with the increase of power, and is lower than untreated surface; The adhesion work increases gradually with the increase of power, and is smaller than the untreated surface; The freezing time of the surface droplets after processing is 47 s, later than that of the unprocessed surface; The laser power 7 W has the longest freezing time, the lowest frost crystal quality and the lowest surface coverage.The microtexture surface with high contact angle and low contact angle lag can effectively delay the freezing time.