概述了微生物矿化的基本过程，并总结阐述了常见诱导矿化作用的微生物类型及矿化产物类型，总结并举例说明了影响微生物矿化作用的主要因素。在此基础上，重点综述了微生物诱导矿化形成的矿化层类型，主要包括碳酸钙矿化层、磷酸钙矿化层、铁氧化物矿化层，并举例阐述了不同矿化过程之间的差异与形成的各类矿化层的特点。根据近年来微生物矿化作用在抑制金属腐蚀方面的研究进展，分别从微生物呼吸过程中耗氧过程和矿化层的屏蔽作用两方面阐述了微生物矿化作用抑制金属腐蚀的主要原因。最后，结合微生物矿化作用的常见环境，展望了微生物矿化作用在抑制金属腐蚀手段方面的发展方向。

In this review, we sketched the basic procedure and the characterization of the biomineralization and summarized common species of mineralized microorganisms including the corresponding productions. Based on these, the microbiologically produced mineralized layers were emphasized including carbonate mineralized layer, phosphate mineralized layer, and iron oxide mineralized layer. Furthermore, the feature and the differences between these three types of the process were compared through examples. According to the progress of the inhibition metal corrosion related to biomineralization in recent years, bacterial aerobic respiration can consume the O2 dissolved in the environment. Because the O2 can impact the metal corrosion behaviors, the metabolism process can inhibit the corrosion process. Moreover, the format of the biomineralized layer also can protect the metal surface occurs or decrease the process of metal corrosion because of the density and uniform properties of the layers. Finally, according to the common biomineralized environments, we prospect the development of anticorrosion technology in regard to the biomineralization process.