目的 研究镧化合物对含煤间接液化柴油碳烟润滑油摩擦磨损性能的影响。方法 利用四球长时摩擦磨损试验机，分别考察不同浓度氟化镧(LaF3)和氧化镧(La2O3)对含煤间接液化柴油碳烟(Fischer-Tropsch synthesis diesel soot，F-T DS)与0^#柴油碳烟(Diesel soot，DS)白油的润滑性能的影响，利用多功能万能工具显微镜、扫描电镜与能谱、X射线光电子能谱等仪器对磨斑直径、结构、形貌、组成及元素价态进行表征。结果 在含F-T DS白油体系中，添加0.4%(质量分数)镧化合物LaF3或La2O3时，减摩抗磨效果最优，平均摩擦系数(AFC)分别为0.070、0.058，较未添加时(0.094)分别下降25.5%和38.3%，平均磨斑直径(AWSD)分别为0.4318、0.4207 mm，较未添加时减少了33.6%和35.2%。在含DS白油体系中，添加0.6% 镧化合物LaF3或La2O3时，减摩效果最佳，AFC分别下降11%和16%;添加0.8% 镧化合物时，抗磨效果最优，AWSD降幅分别为24.8%和33.7%，La2O3抗磨效果优于LaF3。结论 添加少量镧化合物可以改善含F-T DS与DS白油的减摩抗磨效果。其减摩抗磨机理可能是，通过形成转移膜，或在摩擦进程中添加剂吸附在接触表面形成镧系边界润滑保护膜，改善了润滑状态，起到了减摩抗磨作用。

In order to study the effect of lanthanum compound on the friction and wear properties of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis diesel soot lubricants, the effects of different concentrations of lanthanum fluoride (LaF3) and lanthanum oxide (La2O3) on the lubricating properties of white oil with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis diesel soot (F-T DS) and white oil with 0# diesel soot (DS) were studied respectively by four-ball long-time friction and wear tester. The wear scar diameter, structure, morphology, composition and valence state of elements were characterized by multifunctional tool microscope, scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and other instruments. The results showed that the antifriction and anti-wear effect were the best when 0.4% lanthanum compound (LaF3 or La2O3) was added in F-T DS white oil system. The average coefficient of friction (AFC) was 0.070 and 0.058, respectively, which were 25.5% and 38.3% lower than 0.094 when it was not added. The average wear scar diameter (AWSD) was 0.4318 mm and 0.4207 mm, respectively, which were 33.6% and 35.2% less than it was not added. In the DS white oil system, when 0.6% lanthanum compound (LaF3 or La2O3) was added, the anti-friction effect was best, AFC dropped by 11% and 16% respectively. When 0.8% lanthanum compound was added, the anti-wear effect was the best. AWSD fell by 24.8% and 33.7% respectively. The La2O3 has better anti-wear effect than LaF3. The results showed that adding a small amount of lanthanum compound could improve the anti-friction and anti-wear effect of white oil with F-T DS or DS. The friction mechanism analysis may form a transfer film through transfer or the additive is adsorbed on the contact surface during the friction process to form a lanthanum boundary lubrication protective film, which improves the lubrication state and plays a role of anti-friction and anti-wear.