目的 研究钢基镍磷合金PTFE复合涂层的耐磨性能及耐蚀作用机理。方法 在钢基材料表面制备镍磷合金镀层，采用电化学蚀刻技术在镀层表面形成纳米多孔结构，并经PTFE复合改性处理，制备了耐磨耐蚀的复合涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜对钢基镍磷合金PTFE复合涂层的微观形貌进行了表征，分别采用球盘式磨损、电化学试验评价了复合涂层的耐磨损、耐蚀性能，并通过白光干涉仪对复合涂层的磨痕形貌进行了分析。结果 复合改性涂层未改变镍磷合金镀层硬度性质。在球盘摩擦磨损试验中，随摩擦时间的延长，镍磷合金镀层的摩擦系数从0.12持续升至0.40;复合改性涂层的摩擦系数从0.08升至0.20左右，并保持稳定，与镀层相比，其摩擦系数有效降低，耐磨性能提高。由极化曲线可得，复合改性涂层的腐蚀电流最低，为1.53 μA，且出现一个钝化区间。通过电化学阻抗谱图与等效电路拟合结果可知，镍磷合金镀层0.01 Hz的整体阻抗模值为1.44×10⁴ Ω.cm²，经复合改性后，镀层在0.01 Hz时的整体阻抗增加为2.75×10⁴ Ω.cm²。结论 电化学蚀刻+PTFE复合改性处理能有效提高镍磷合金镀层的耐蚀耐磨性能。

The purpose is to study the wear resistance and corrosion resistance mechanism of Ni-P electroless plating with PTFE composite coating on steel substrate. Electroless Ni-P alloy coating is prepared on the surface of steel materials. The nanoporous layer is prepared on the surface of the Ni-P alloy coating by electrochemical etching technology, and the composite coating with wear and corrosion resistance is prepared after the composite modification of PTFE. The microstructure of the composite coating is characterized with SEM. The wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the composite coating are evaluated by ball-disc wear test and electrochemical test. The wear scar morphology of the composite coating is analyzed by white light interferometer. The hardness of the composite coating does not change. In the ball-disc friction test, the friction coefficient of Ni-P electroless plating increases from 0.12 to 0.4. The friction coefficient of the composite coating increases from 0.08 to 0.2 and remained stable, which effectively reduces the friction coefficient of the coating and improves the wear resistance of the coating. According to the polarization curve，the corrosion current of the composite coating is the lowest，which is 1.88 μA, and there is a passivation range. The fitting results of equivalent circuit in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy show that the impedance modulus of the Ni-P alloy and the composite coating at 0.01 Hz is 1.44×104 Ω.cm2 and 2.75× 104 Ω.cm2. The electrochemical etching+PTFE composite modification can effectively improve the wear and corrosion resistance of Ni-P electroless plating.