磁体周围存在磁场，磁体间的相互作用就是以磁场作为媒介的，磁场力包括洛伦兹力和安培力。概述了磁场对微生物和金属腐蚀过程的影响，包括对单一细菌和混菌体系、电化学控制和浓差极化控制的电化学过程的影响。归纳了磁场作用于微生物金属腐蚀的防控方法，包括微生物竞争手段、缓蚀杀菌剂的应用以及存在的不足等问题。在此基础上，重点综述了近年来磁场条件下金属微生物腐蚀的研究进展，分析了磁场对于微生物生长特性和生物膜形成的影响，分别以不同微生物存在的体系、电化学过程控制的类型等方面展开详细讨论。针对磁场存在的环境，总结了微生物对金属的腐蚀机理，包括生物膜理论、离子干涉理论、自由基理论等。最后结合磁场对金属腐蚀过程的相关机理，展望了后续磁场对微生物腐蚀防控的研究方向。

Magnetic field exists around magnets, and the interaction between magnets is mediated by magnetic field. Magnetic field force includes Lorentz force and Ampere force. In this paper, the effects of magnetic fields on microbial and metal corrosion processes, including single bacteria and mixed bacteria systems, electrochemical control and concentration polarization control of electrochemical processes are summarized. The prevention and control methods of microorganism metal corrosion by magnetic field were summarized, including microorganism competition, the application of corrosion inhibitor and the deficiency. On this basis, the research progress of metal microbial corrosion under magnetic field conditions in recent years was reviewed, and the influence of magnetic field on microbial growth characteristics and biofilm formation was analyzed. The system existing in different microorganisms and the types of electrochemical process control were discussed in detail. In the presence of magnetic field, the corrosion mechanism of microorganism to metal, including biofilm theory, ion interference theory, free radical theory and so on, is summarized. Finally, combined with the related mechanism of metal corrosion process caused by magnetic field, the future research direction of microbial corrosion prevention and control by magnetic field is prospected.