曝晒、盐雾、浸泡、干湿循环、老化等传统的有机涂层防护性能研究方法，因测试周期长，测试结果多为定性分析，不能使涂层材料进行快速检验而投入评估使用。正是由于传统测试方法存在许多局限性，故综述了稳态电化学测试方法和暂态电化学测试方法这两种新技术在有机涂层防护性能中的应用与进展。介绍了动电位极化曲线法、极化电阻法等稳态电化学测试方法，这类方法主要反映涂层的极化电阻和腐蚀速度，并且方法简单，可直接分析实验数据，被广泛应用于有机涂层的失效分析中。而暂态电化学测试方法主要包括电化学阻抗法(EIS)、局部阻抗法(LEIS)、扫描Kelvin探针法(SKP)及电化学噪声(EN)等，主要用于研究涂层防护机制和局部缺陷。目前，在有机涂层防护性能和机理研究中，应用最多的是电化学交流阻抗法。丝束电极法(WBE)、扫描电化学显微镜(SECM)以及原子力显微镜(AFM)用于研究金属/涂层界面物理化学变化规律。阐述了上述方法在涂层防护研究中的应用成果及其优势和不足，指出对于深层次的涂层防护研究，需要应用多种测试手段，从不同的角度和方面综合分析，全面评估涂层的使用寿命。

The conventional methods to evaluate the corrosion resistance of organic coatings include insolation, salt spray, immersion, dry-wet cycling and weather resistance. These approaches are qualitative and require a long test cycle, thus making them inappropriate for rapid test. Here we review the applications and the progress of the steady-state and transient electrochemical tests in the organic coating evaluation. The steady-state methods include potentiodynamic polarisation curve method and polarisation resistance method, which measure the polarisation resistance and corrosion rate of the coatings. These methods have been widely applied for failure analysis of the organic coatings. The transient methods including Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Local Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (LEIS), Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) method and electrochemical noise (EN) are mainly used to study the protection mechanism and to detect the coatings defects. In this review, it is pointed out that the EIS is mostly widely used for investigating the properties and mechanisms of the organic coatings. In recent years, Wire Beam Electrode (WBE) method, Scanning Electrochemical Microscope (SECM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) have been developed to study the physical and chemical reactions of the metal/coating interface. The applications, advantages and limitations of the recently reported methods are described. To get an insight in the protection behaviour of the organic coatings, multiple methods in different aspects are required to give a comprehensive evaluation on the coatings service life.