植物提取物作为金属腐蚀抑制剂，具有成本低廉、无毒无污染和缓蚀效率高的特点，近年来受到了广泛的关注。针对CO2环境中植物缓蚀剂的研究进展进行了综述，简述了植物缓蚀剂的防腐优势。总结了目前常用的植物有效缓蚀成分的分析与提取方法，发现具有腐蚀抑制作用的活性成分大都具有孤电子对，其官能团中包含了氧原子、共轭双键或芳环。同时，在常规溶剂萃取方法的基础上，引入超声波、微波和超临界流体萃取等手段，可有效提高植物缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率。在植物缓蚀剂中添加Zn²⁺、I^?或纳米材料后，呈现协同效应。此外，还阐述了植物缓蚀剂的作用机理。现有植物缓蚀剂以成膜型为主，其机理包括物理吸附、化学吸附和混合吸附。最后，对植物缓蚀剂未来的研究方向及发展趋势进行了展望，为进一步验证所用植物的安全性，有必要对其毒性、生物蓄积性和生物降解性进行实验。采用量子化学计算方法、分子动力学(MD)以及蒙特.卡罗方法(MC)等计算技术，对植物提取物的化学性能进行合理预测，也是未来的研究方向之一。

As a metal corrosion inhibitor, plant extracts have the characteristics of low cost, non-toxicity, no pollution, and high corrosion inhibition efficiency, and have received widespread attention in recent years. In this paper, the research progress of plant corrosion inhibitors in CO2 environment is reviewed, and the advantages of plant corrosion inhibitors in anticorrosion is briefly described. The methods of analyzing and extracting effective corrosion-inhibiting ingredients of plants are summarized. It is found that most of the active ingredients with corrosion inhibition have lone electron pairs, of which the functional groups contain oxygen atoms, conjugated double bonds or aromatic rings. Meanwhile, based on the extraction method of conventional solvent, the introduction of ultrasonic, microwave and supercritical fluid extraction can effectively improve the corrosion inhibition efficiency of plant corrosion inhibitors. The addition of Zn2+, I? or nanomaterials to plant corrosion inhibitors shows a synergistic effect. Besides, the mechanism of plant corrosion inhibitors is described here. The existing plant corrosion inhibitors are mainly film-forming types, and their mechanisms include physical adsorption, chemical adsorption and mixed adsorption. Finally, the future research directions and development trends of plant corrosion inhibitors are prospected. In order to further verify the safety of the plants used, it is necessary to conduct experiments on their toxicity, bioaccumulation and biodegradability. Using quantum chemical calculation methods, molecular dynamics (MD), and Monte Carlo methods (MC), etc. to calculate the chemical properties of plant extracts reasonably is also one of the research directions in the future.