电化学能源存储与转换材料的构筑和解析已成为目前研究的热点。结合课题组内电化学能源存储与转换方向的研究成果，总结了电化学能源材料的先进电子显微测试方法。电子显微技术可解析材料的表面形貌、结构、构筑化学等。常见的电子显微技术有:扫描电子显微(SEM)、透射电子显微(TEM)、X射线能谱分析(EDS)、电子能量损失谱分析(EELS)等。详细介绍了使用先进电子显微解析手段，研究电化学能源存储与转换体系材料的进展和优势，不同电子显微技术的特点以及在电化学能源体系材料中的应用。同时，提出电子显微解析技术与其他表征方法联用是未来可能的发展方向，以期能更全面、精准地解析目标材料信息，找到合适的制备工艺，为提高电化学综合性能提供指导。

Architecture and microanalysis of electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials has been currently a research focus. On the basis of the progress of our research, we have summarized several methods for clarification of surface morphology, structure and architecture chemistry by using advanced electron microscopy. They cover from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). The application, progress and advantages of electron microscopy in electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials are fully introduced, and the characteristics of different electron microscopy techniques and their applications in electrochemical energy system are also discussed. Finally, the future directions of advanced electron microscopy and analysis routes of electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials is proposed. Thus, it enables more insightful and accurate microanalysis of materials, searching for optimum preparation process and in turn provide guidance for fully improving electrochemical performances.