目的 研究Ni元素的添加及热处理工艺对冷喷涂Al-Ni沉积体的微观组织结构、相组成及力学性能的影响。方法 预先采用冷喷涂技术制备Al沉积体、Al-25%Ni（以下称为AlNi25）沉积体，再将制得的沉积体放入具有氩气气氛的管式加热炉中进行热处理。采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、显微硬度仪、X射线衍射仪与万能拉伸试验机，对试样显微组织、物相组成及力学性能进行测试分析。结果 经过热处理的AlNi25沉积体的物相主要为Al、Al3Ni。由于热处理过程诱发了柯肯达尔效应，AlNi25沉积体的孔隙率由喷涂态的1.4%增加到热处理态的2.5%。喷涂态Al沉积体的硬度为44.2HV0.2，在500 ℃下对沉积体进行热处理后，由于发生回复与再结晶，硬度值降为26.72 HV0.2。喷涂态AlNi25沉积体的硬度为49.2HV0.2，经过热处理后，生成的Al3Ni金属间化合物对沉积体的强化效应与热处理的软化效应相当，导致最终热处理态AlNi25沉积体的硬度为50.5HV0.2，与喷涂态AlNi25沉积体硬度值差别较小。喷涂态Al沉积体、AlNi25沉积体的抗拉强度分别为57、65 MPa，经过热处理后，沉积体内颗粒间的原有界面消失，热处理态的Al沉积体、AlNi25沉积体的抗拉强度分别为64.7、107 MPa。同时，经过热处理后，两种沉积体的塑性变形能力得到了有效提升。未热处理时，两种沉积体基本没有塑性；热处理后，Al沉积体、AlNi25沉积体的塑性得到有效提升，塑性应变分别为3.7%、0.97%。结论 对冷喷涂AlNi25沉积体进行热处理，原位生成了Al3Ni金属间化合物，有效提高了沉积体的硬度、抗拉强度以及塑性变形能力。

To study the effects of Ni element addition and heat treatment on the microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties of cold spraying Al-Ni sediment. Al and Al-25%Ni (hereinafter referred to as AlNi25) deposition were prepared by cold spraying technology in advance, and then the prepared deposition was put into a tubular heating furnace with argon atmosphere for heat treatment. Optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, microhardness tester, X-ray diffractometer and universal tensile testing machine were used to test and analyze the microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties of the sample. The phase of AlNi25 deposition after heat treatment is mainly Al and Al3Ni. The porosity of the AlNi25 deposit increased from 1.4% in the spray state to 2.5% in the heat treatment state due to the kekendall effect induced by the heat treatment. The hardness of sprayed Al deposition is 44.2HV0.2. After 500 ℃ heat treatment, due to the recovery and recrystallization, the hardness value drops to 26.72HV0.2. The hardness of the sprayed AlNi25 deposition is 49.2HV0.2. After the heat treatment, the strengthening effect of the generated Al3Ni intermetallic compounds on the deposit is equivalent to the softening effect of the heat treatment, resulting in the hardness of the final heat-treated AlNi25 deposit is 50.5HV0.2, which is slightly different from the sprayed AlNi25 deposition. After heat treatment, the original interface between particles in the deposited body disappears, and the tensile strength of Al deposition and AlNi25 deposition body in heat treatment state is 64.7 MPa and 107 MPa respectively. At the same time, the plastic deformation capacity of the two types of sedimentary bodies was effectively improved. Before heat treatment, the two types of sedimentary bodies had no plasticity. After heat treatment, the plasticity of Al sedimentary body and AlNi25 sedimentary body was effectively improved, and the plastic strain was 3.7% and 0.97% respectively. Al3Ni intermetallic compounds were generated in situ by heat treatment of cold spraying AlNi25 deposition, which effectively improved the hardness, tensile strength and plastic deformation capacity of the deposition.