目的 加入AlN提高铁基合金的摩擦磨损性能。方法 采用PTA-400E3-HB等离子喷焊设备在Q235钢表面制备添加AlN的铁基合金喷焊层。通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）研究喷焊层的组织和相结构。利用显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机和台阶仪对喷焊层的硬度和摩擦磨损性能进行测试。结果 添加AlN的喷焊层主要物相为α-Fe、γ-Fe和(Fe,Cr)7C3。未添加AlN的喷焊层由等轴晶组成，添加AlN的喷焊层呈现柱状树枝晶，且随AlN量增加，树枝晶组织愈加粗大。添加1%AlN喷焊层的平均显微硬度最高，为(890.1±46.8)HV0.3，比铁基喷焊层的显微硬度高131.6HV0.3；当AlN含量增加，未转变奥氏体量增加，导致喷焊层的硬度降低。加入AlN的喷焊层的摩擦系数均降低，摩擦系数稳定在0.40~0.57之间。当AlN添加量为3%时，喷焊层的磨损形貌最光滑，磨损率为1.15×10-14 m3/(N?m)。添加AlN后，喷焊层的磨损机理从之前的粘着磨损变为磨粒磨损。结论 添加AlN能提高铁基喷焊层的摩擦磨损性能。

The work aims to improve the wear resistance of Fe-based alloy by adding AIN. Fe-based alloy coatings with AlN addition were produced by PTA-400E3-HB plasma transferred arc welding device on Q235 steel. The microstructure and phase composition were analyzed using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The microhardness and wear resistance of the coatings were examined with microhardness tester and wear resistance tester. The results showed that the phases of α-Fe, γ-Fe and (Fe,Cr)7C3 existed in the coatings. Equiaxed microstructure was observed without AlN addition. The columnar dendrites appeared by adding AlN powder and which was coarser with the increase amount of AlN addition. The highest microhardness of (890.1±46.8)HV0.3 was the coating with 1% AlN, which was 131.6HV0.3 higher than that of Fe-based coating. The microhardness of the coatings decreased with the increase of AlN content because of the increase of untransformed austenite. The friction coefficients of the coatings all reduced after adding AlN and the friction coefficient was between 0.40 and 0.57. The smoothest worn surface was obtained when the AlN content was 3%, and the wear rate was 1.15×10-14 m3/(N?m). The wear mechanism changed from adhesive wear to abrasive wear after AlN addition. The results show that the friction and wear properties of the Fe-based coatings can be improved by adding AlN.