目的 提升过流表面的阻垢、防腐性能。方法 通过电感耦合等离子光谱仪和离子色谱对江西某抽水蓄能电站过流表面垢质组成进行表征，分析垢质形成的主要因素。采用Q235低碳钢片模拟抽水蓄能机组过流表面，并通过在过流表面构筑超疏水表面涂层，来提升其阻垢和防腐性能。采用商品化的Zonyl? TM作为疏水改性剂，通过乳液聚合法制备改性SiO2微球-含氟聚合物混合涂膜液。通过喷涂法在Q235低碳钢片上制备超疏水表面。通过挂片试验考察超疏涂层的阻垢、防腐性能。结果 Q235低碳钢片超疏水涂层表面水滴接触角达到了151.8°，表面能降低至5.1 mN/m，水滴滚动角为7.8°，表现出良好的超疏水性。在挂片试验中，未涂覆超疏水涂层的钢片表面存在严重腐蚀，而涂覆超疏水涂层的钢片表面未见腐蚀现象。涂覆超疏水涂层后，钢片表面的结垢总增重从涂覆前的45 g/m2降低至5 g/m2，降低了88.9%。结论 通过喷涂法在模拟过流表面经过一次涂覆成功制备了超疏水涂层，有效避免了表面的腐蚀，并显著减缓了表面的结垢。该方法在过流表面的阻垢、防腐方面展现出了良好的应用前景。

The work aims to improve the anti-scaling and anti-corrosion performance on the flowing surface. The scale composition on the flowing surface of pumped-storage power station in Jiangxi Province was characterized by the inductively coupled plasma optical mission spectrometry and the ion chromatography. The main factors for formation of scale were also analyzed. The flowing surface of pumped-storage units was simulated by Q235 low-carbon steel substrate. Subsequently, the scale and corrosion resistance was improved by preparing superhydrophobic coating on flowing surface. The modified SiO2 microsphere-fluoropolymer mixed coating liquid was prepared by emulsion polymerization method with commercial Zonyl? TM as the hydrophobic modifier. The superhydrophobic surface was obtained via spraying process on the surface of Q235 low-carbon steel substrate. The anti-scaling and anti-corrosion performance of the superhydrophobic coating was investigated by the coupon test. The water droplet contact angle on the superhydrophobic surface of low-carbon steel substrate reached 151.8°, the surface energy decreased to 5.1 mN/m, and the water droplet sliding angle was 7.8°, indicating a good superhydrophobicity. In the coupon test, the surface without the superhydrophobic coating was severely corroded, while the surface with the superhydrophobic coating showed no obvious corrosion. Additionally, the superhydrophobic coating effectively reduced the total weight gain of scale on the substrate by 88.9% from 45 g/m2 to 5 g/m2. The superhydrophobic coating can be successfully fabricated on the simulated flowing surface by spraying process, which effectively avoids the surface corrosion and reduces the degree of scaling on the surface. This method has shown good application prospects in the fields of anti-scaling and anti-corrosion for the flowing surface.