评述了类金刚石基（DLC、a-C）、非晶氮化碳基（a-CNx）、过渡金属氮化物基（TiN、CrN）及其改性纳米复合薄膜的水润滑摩擦学性能，分析了微观结构、梯度结构、元素掺杂、对磨材料及摩擦参数对其水润滑摩擦磨损性能的影响，并揭示了水润滑中纳米复合薄膜存在的摩擦磨损机制，指出了三种纳米复合薄膜体系在水润滑中均可表现出优异的减摩抗磨特性，但与薄膜成分、层状结构、力学性能及对磨材料物理化学性能密切相关。一般而言，相比于过渡金属氮化物基薄膜，类金刚石基及非晶氮化碳基薄膜由于在水润滑中形成转移层和水合润滑层而呈现出更低的摩擦系数和磨损率。当选用的对磨材料易于发生摩擦水合反应时，形成的水合层起到的保护作用使得纳米复合薄膜均表现出了更低的磨损率。在保证薄膜未发生剥落而失效时，适当地加载载荷和滑移速度也是获得最优水润滑摩擦学性能的关键因素。为薄膜应用在水润滑器械作业提供了一定的参考，并展望了纳米复合薄膜水润滑摩擦学未来的研究方向。

The tribological properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC, a-C), amorphous carbon nitride (a-CNx), transition metallic nitride (TiN, CrN) and correspondingly modified nano-composite films under water lubrication are reviewed. The influence of microstructure, architecture, element doping, counterparts and friction parameters on the tribology and wear mechanisms of nano-composite films under water lubrication are analyzed and elucidated spontaneously. It is clear that nano-composite films present excellent tribological properties under water lubrication, which are closely related to the composition, architecture, mechanical properties and the physic-chemical properties of tribo-materials. In general, as compared with transition metallic nitride films, DLC and a-CNx exhibit lower friction coefficients and wear rates under water lubrication due to the formation of transfer layer and hydrated lubricating layer. Secondly, nano-composite films exhibit low specific wear rate due to the protection of hydrated layer when mating materials are hydrated easily. Finally, moderate load and velocity are also key factors to optimize tribology under water lubrication if the film is not peeling and failure. The study provides some references for the application of film in water lubrication equipment and the future of nano-composite films under water lubrication is proposed synthetically.