目的 提高磁性磨具表面光整加工技术对30CrMnSi高强度结构钢表面的加工效率，解决以往永磁式磁性磨具光整加工中磁场强度弱、磁能利用率低的问题。方法 首先对30CrMnSi导磁工件的材料去除机理进行分析，探讨了磁感应强度B对工件材料去除的重要性。然后基于海尔贝克阵列（Halbach Array）进行了磁场的设计，通过理论计算和仿真分析，确定了永磁单元尺寸和磁场布置方案。最后以自制粘接性磁性磨料，对30CrMnSi板材进行单因素光整加工实验。结果 根据磁场计算和仿真结果，确定了Halbach Array永磁阵列两个周期为最佳的磁场布置方案，并获得了理想的磁场强度和最佳的磁场分布。对30CrMnSi板材的加工实验表明，粗糙度下降百分比（%ΔRa）随着磁极转速和磨粒目数的增大而增大；磁性磨料中铁磁相与磨粒相质量比为3∶1、磁极转速为500 r/min、磨粒目数为240目时，加工效果最好，获得了Ra=0.129 μm的表面，粗糙度最大下降百分比为90.74%。结论 使用Halbach Array的方法对永磁场进行设计，可以增大加工区域的磁场强度并改善磁场分布，从而提高对30CrMnSi高强度结构钢表面的加工效率。

The work aims to improve the processing efficiency of 30CrMnSi high-strength structural steel surface by magnetic abrasive finishing technology and solve the problems of weak magnetic field intensity and low utilization rate of magnetic energy in permanent magnet magnetic abrasive finishing. Firstly, the material removal mechanism of 30CrMnSi ferromagnetic workpiece was analyzed, and the importance of magnetic induction intensity B to the material removal of the workpiece was discussed. Then, based on Halbach Array, the magnetic field was designed, and the size of permanent magnet unit and magnetic field layout scheme were determined by theoretical calculation and simulation analysis. At last, the single factor finishing experiment of 30CrMnSi plate was carried out by self-made adhesive magnetic abrasive. According to the magnetic field calculation and simulation results, the optimal magnetic field arrangement scheme was determined for the Halbach Array permanent magnet Array with two cycles, and the ideal magnetic field gradient and optimal magnetic field distribution were obtained. The processing experiment of 30CrMnSi plate showed that the roughness decreased (%ΔRa) increased with the increase of magnetic pole speed and abrasive mesh number. When the mass ratio of ferromagnetic phase to abrasive grain (hereinafter referred to as the two-phase mass ratio) in magnetic abrasive was 3∶1, the magnetic pole speed was 500 r/min and the number of abrasive mesh was 240 and the best processing effect was obtained. The surface with Ra=0.129 micron was obtained, and the maximum reduction percentage of roughness was 90.74%. Designing the permanent magnet field with Halbach Array can increase the magnetic field strength of the processing area and improve the processing efficiency of the 30CrMnSi high-strength structural steel surface.