目的 为解决复杂火灾现场中助燃剂易污染、氧化、难寻找等问题，通过对低碳钢在煤油燃烧环境气氛中氧化行为的研究，得出其表面氧化层特点及与火场助燃剂之间的关系，以期为火场物证检验提供一种新的途径。方法 使用模拟装置获得煤油燃烧气氛，并在不同温度下对其中的低碳钢进行氧化。采用原子力显微镜（AFM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析氧化层的形貌，用SEM自带的能谱仪（EDS）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）分析氧化层的相组成，用精密分析天平研究试样的氧化动力学。结果 火场中的燃油燃烧气氛促进了低碳钢氧化层的形成，并且氧化层中没有检测到FeO相。每组氧化时间下的样品表面均沉积了10%~20%的碳。近似抛物线规律的氧化动力学曲线说明氧化层在后期的氧化趋于稳定。结论 在燃烧环境气氛中，反应初始阶段，通过化学吸附显著加快了氧化层的形成，在该实验温度和强氧化性气氛存在的情况下，不利于FeO的形成。煤油的不完全燃烧造成了样品表面的碳沉积，并且碳含量的多少与助燃剂的碳链长度有关，这可为火场中是否有煤油助燃剂的存在提供参考。

The work aims to overcome the shortcomings of accelerant pollution, oxidation, loss, etc. in the complex fire scene through the relationship between the characteristics of the oxide layer and the fire scene combustion accelerants obtained by studying the oxidation behavior of low carbon steel in the kerosene combustion environment, and then provide new method for the fire investigation. The simulated kerosene combustion environment was obtained by simulation device and the low carbon steel was oxidized at different durations of laboratory simulated kerosene-combustion atmosphere. The morphology of the oxide layer was analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The phase composition of the oxide layer was analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The oxidation kinetics of the samples was studied by a precision analytical balance. In the fire scene, the strong oxidizing properties of the kerosene combustion atmosphere promoted the formation of a low carbon steel oxide layer, and there was no FeO phase in the oxide layer. The 10%~20% of carbon was deposited on the surface of the sample for different oxidation time. The oxidation kinetics curve of the parabolic law indicated that the oxide layer tended to be dense at later stage. The complex oxidizing atmosphere greatly accelerates the formation of the oxide layer by chemical adsorption in the initial stage of the reaction, and is not conducive to the formation of FeO under the conditions of the experimental temperature and the strong oxidizing atmosphere. The incomplete combustion of kerosene causes carbon deposition on the surface of the sample, and the amount of carbon is related to the carbon chain length of the combustion accelerants, which can provide a reference for the presence of kerosene combustion accelerants in the fire scene.