随着航空航天等高精尖技术的发展，涂层材料的研究与应用受到广泛关注。高性能涂层材料应用在航空发动机领域可以提高效率、减少能源损失、增加使用寿命。与传统的大气等离子体喷涂（APS）技术相比，液相喷涂技术可以制备出纳米或亚微米级多孔结构涂层。综述了液相喷涂技术的研究现状，并对喷涂形成机理、溶液的制备、涂层的微观结构及热稳定性能进行了分类讨论。首先，介绍了液相喷涂中悬浮液等离子喷涂（SPS）和溶液前驱体等离子喷涂（SPPS）的研究背景和意义，并对两者之间的差异和相关性进行比较说明；其次，对液相喷涂涂层的形成机理、溶液的制备以及工艺参数，对喷涂过程中液滴移动轨迹进行了分析；最后，对不同涂层的组织结构、热稳定性等方面进行了讨论，提出通过优化工艺条件，改善涂层的微观结构和性能，提高液相喷涂技术在工业中的应用价值。

With the development of high precision technology such as aerospace, the research and application of coating material have gained wide attention. The high performance coating materials can be used in the engine field to improve efficiency, reduce energy loss and increase service life. Compared with conventional atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), the liquid phase spraying technology can prepare nano- or sub-micro-meters or scale porous structure coating. The research status of liquid phase spraying technology was summarized and the formation mechanism, liquid precursor preparation, microstructure and thermal stability of coating were discussed. Firstly, the research background and significance of SPS and SPPS were introduced and the difference and correlation between the two spraying technology were compared and explained. Secondly, the liquid spraying coating formation mechanism, solution preparation and spraying technological parameter as well as liquid droplets moving track were analyzed. Finally, the microstructure and thermal stability of different coating were discussed. It is proposed to improve the microstructure and properties of the coating by optimizing the process conditions, and to increase the application value of liquid phase spraying technology in industry.