目的 分析煤气化黑水处理系统管道的失效行为，明确失效特征，分析失效机理及影响因素，指导弯管的失效预防，延长其服役寿命。方法 采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对管道进行微观形貌检测，并采用能量色散谱（EDS）和X射线衍射（XRD）对腐蚀产物进行检测分析，最后通过计算流体动力学（CFD）仿真分析其流场情况。结果 失效管道内壁面有着明显的流水冲蚀形貌，且布满小凹坑及疏松多孔的褐色腐蚀产物。EDS结果显示，腐蚀产物主要由Fe、S和O元素构成，XRD进一步测得腐蚀产物多为FeS、Fe3O4及FeO等。CFD仿真结果与实际失效工况吻合，二次流、粒径、速度以及斯托克斯数的变化对固体颗粒运动轨迹影响较大，并进一步影响管道冲蚀的高危区位置。结论 管道失效的主要原因是黑水中的H2S腐蚀和煤粉颗粒冲蚀的耦合作用，其弯管区域外拱出口位置和下游水平管底部位置为主要高危区，同时管道高危区位置受多种因素影响，相应部位要提前做好预防准备，实际工况中适当减小流速可以实现一定减磨防护作用。

The work aims to study the failure behavior of pipeline in black water treatment system of coal gasification, so as to clarify the failure features, analyze the failure mechanism and influencing factors, provide measures for avoiding the failure and extend the service life. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to detect the morphology of the pipeline. Corrosion products were analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The flow field was simulated and analyzed through computational fluid dynamics (CFD). There were obvious water was hout morphologies in the inner wall surface of the failed pipeline, which was covered with small pits and brown loose porous corrosion products. EDS results showed that the suface elements were mainly Fe, S and O. The main corrosion products were FeS, Fe3O4 and FeO after further detected by XRD. CFD simulation was consistent with the actual ones well. The changes of secondary flow, particle size, velocity and Stokes number had a great influence on the trajectory of solid particles, and further affected the location of high-risk areas of pipeline erosion. The main reason for the failure of the pipeline is the coupling of H2S in the black water corrosion and pulverized coal particle erosion. The outer arch exit position in the elbow area and the bottom horizontal tube bottom position are the main high-risk areas. The high-risk areas of pipeline are effected by many factors and should be prevented in advance accordingly. Besides, the proper reduction of fluid velocity in actual work can reduce the erosion and protect the pipeline.