目的 金属铜泡沫是一种综合性能优良的电磁屏蔽材料，采用碳纳米管（CNTs）对其进行复合，拟进一步改善其电磁屏蔽性能。方法 以三聚氰胺泡沫为模板，采用化学镀和电沉积技术相结合的工艺，制备CNTs增强金属铜泡沫。在对基底泡沫进行化学镀银实现导电化的基础上，研究了电沉积时间、CNTs含量以及后续热处理对复合泡沫形貌及镀层结构的影响。并采用矢量网络仪对CNTs增强金属铜复合泡沫的电磁屏蔽性能进行了测试。结果 化学镀银采用AgNO3质量浓度为20 g/L、反应温度为25 ℃的条件时，银镀层较为均匀完整。复合泡沫的孔隙率随电沉积时间的增加而变小；CNTs体积分数为1.134%的复合泡沫镀层致密连续，CNTs分布较为均匀且无团聚现象。热处理后，复合镀层微观表面更加平整致密。在8.2~12.4 GHz范围内，CNTs/Cu复合泡沫的平均电磁屏蔽效能SE为43.07 dB，平均高出纯铜泡沫约18.77 dB。结论 CNTs均匀分散嵌入铜泡沫骨架的结构中，对于吸收损耗和反射损耗都有明显的提升效果，复合泡沫的总体电磁屏蔽性能得到显著提升。

Metallic copper foam is a kind of electromagnetic shielding material of good overall performance. The addition of Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into copper foams may improve the electromagnetic shielding performance. Copper foams reinforced by embedded CNTs with uniform dispersion were prepared through combination of electroless deposition and electrodeposition on melamine foam templates. The effects of electrodeposition time, CNTs content and subsequent heat treatments on the composite coating mophology were studied based on electric conduction through silver electroless deposition of base form. The electromagnetic shielding performance of CNTs/Cu composite foams were tested with vector network analyzer. With AgNO3 concentration of 20 g/L and electroless deposition temperature of 25 ℃, the silver layer was uniform and dense. The porosity of the composite foams reduced with increase of electro-deoposition time. The composite foam plating was dense and continuous with CNTs content of 1.134 vol%. The CNTs were distributed uniformly without agglomeration. After heat treatments, the composite coating was smoother and denser. Within the range of 8.2~12.4 GHz, the average electromagnetic shielding SE of the CNTs/Cu composite foam was 43.07 dB, which was averagely 18.77 dB higher than that of the pure copper foam. The CNTs are uniformly embedded into the copper foam frame structure. It can significantly improve the absorption loss and reflection loss, and thus greatly improve the overall electromagnetic shielding performance of composite foams.